Change in Renal Function after the Use of Intravenous Contrast Media for Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography - a Hospital-based Quasi Experimental Study

Rupesh Sharma; Awadhesh Tiwari; Sumnima Acharya; Sudeep Regmi; Phanindra Neupane

Rupesh Sharma 1Department of Radiology, Lumbini Medical College and Teaching Hospital (LMC-TH), Pravas, Palpa, Province
Awadhesh Tiwari Department of Radiology, Lumbini Medical College and Teaching Hospital (LMC-TH), Pravas, Palpa, Province
Sumnima Acharya Department of Radiology, Lumbini Medical College and Teaching Hospital (LMC-TH), Pravas, Palpa, Province
Sudeep Regmi Department of Laboratory Medicine, LMC-TH, Pravas, Palpa, Nepal
Phanindra Neupane Department of Radiology, Lumbini Medical College and Teaching Hospital (LMC-TH), Pravas, Palpa, Province

Abstract

Introduction: Iodinated contrast enhanced computed tomography is a common radiological procedure. As 99% of the contrast is excreted via kidneys, we conducted this study to see if there is any change in renal function after the administration of intravenous contrast and also to see the incidence of contrast induced nephropathy in patients with normal renal function.

Methods: This is a hospital based quasi-experimental study comprising a total of 114 patients undergoing contrast enhanced computed tomography. A convenience sampling was done. Precontrast serum creatinine value was recorded. A repeat serum creatinine was assessed within 24-48 hours after contrast administration. Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate was calculated based on Modification of Diet on Renal Disease (MDRD) formula. The values were analyzed by SPSS 15 using Student’s Paired T Test.

Results: A total of 114 cases were studied. No statistically significant correlation was noted between pre and post contrast serum creatinine and estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate. However, the incidence of contrast induced nephropathy was found to be about 9%. No significant correlation was noted between the change in serum creatinine and age and BMI.

Conclusion: Although there was no significant change in renal function after contrast administration, 9 % incidence of contrast induced nephropathy should warrant a larger population based study.

Keywords: computed tomography; creatinine, iodinated contrast ; nephropathy;renal function