Browsing by Author "Singh, SK"
Now showing 1 - 10 of 10
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Publication A profile of HIV infection / AIDS related knowledge among female students of Kanpur district, India(Kathmandu University, 2007) Singh, SK; Saxena, A; Krishna, GIntroduction: HIV/AIDS, a social disease took pandemic form within a short span of time affecting 40 million people through the globe. Adults of the developing countries are the main victim of the disease contributing to 95% of the total world’s HIV infection and 90% death. In the absence of effective cure to this disease, it can be very easily prevented by IEC activities regarding behavioural changes. Objectives: To assess the level of correct knowledge about HIV/AIDS and the misconceptions associated with it among girl students of Kanpur district. Materials and methodology: This is a baseline cross-sectional, questionnaire based study conducted among female students of technical and non-technical institutions of Kanpur district UP in 2001. Results: Though the causative agent and correct mode of acquiring infection was not known to most of the students yet significant proportion had adequate knowledge about the vulnerable age group that is youth as stated by (72.90%) of the respondents. Knowledge regarding correct modes of transmission of infections (82.78%), high risk groups (82.88%) and common symptoms of disease (80.11%) was satisfactory. Discussion: The finding of the present study was satisfactory and consistent with previous research findings. In paradox to their knowledge, deeply rooted misconception related to transmission of infection also surfaced and was more prevalent in technical than non technical students. These misconceptions need to be corrected to prevent the spread of the infection. Conclusion: The knowledge of the study group was quite satisfactory for most of the variables like vulnerable age, modes of transmission, sexual and behavioural practices and common symptoms of the disease. However, misconceptions were also very high and almost equally present in technical and non-technical students. Though, as already stated, the technical students had better knowledge than non-technical ones. Key words: Knowledge about HIV/AIDSPublication A study on prevalence of premarital sex among adolescent students(Institute of Medicine, 2006) Singh, SK; Krishna, G; Singh, CMAbstract Background: This is the base line study conducted among adolescent students of District Chitwan to correlate between the knowledge of students about HIV/AIDS and prevalence of premarital sex along with some other epidemiological variables. Methods: The present study is a cross sectional base line study conducted among adolescent students of randomly selected twelve higher secondary schools of Chitwan district in January 2005. Results: Despite the satisfactory knowledge about HIV/AIDS, prevalence of premarital sex was quiet high (18.32%). It was more common among boys (25.8%) than girls (9.2%) and it was consistently increasing with increase in age. It was most common among Hindus adolescents (19.0%) and least among Christians. Parent’s education played very important role in reducing the practice of premarital sex as it was revealed in this study 81.76% of the adolescents had practiced safe sex and used condom and 22.32% of them properly disposed of it after use. Conclusion: It was satisfying that most of the adolescents who practiced sex, were protected by using condom but the correct disposal was not known to majority that’s why they disposed it indiscriminately by throwing on the road or the left ground. Keywords: Adolescents, Premarital sex, CondomPublication An awareness study of HIV/AIDS among adolescent students of Chitwan district, Nepal(Institute of Medicine, 2005) Singh, SK; Manandhar, N; Parsai, M; Krishna, G; Patowary, SAbstract A cross sectional study was conducted among the adolescent students of 12 randomly selected higher secondary school of Chitwan district, Nepal with an objective to assess the awareness by studying their knowledge and attitude towards the disease. It is really very gratifying to note that 100.0% of the respondents had heard about the disease and majority of them (95.0% ) had correct knowledge about the causative agents. Among the respondents quite large number of students (79.0%) knew about high risk age group and 81.0% were aware about safe sex as one of the major preventive measure. The attitude of respondents towards the AIDS patients was firmly positive. Among them 84.5% had no objection in treating AIDS patients in the general hospital with extra precaution. The main source of their information, education and communication were from electronic media. These observations were indicative of good awareness about the disease which will definitely help in bringing about behavioral change at the individual level and will go in a long way for prevention of transmission amongst the high risk groups and to contain its spread.Publication Analysis of Post Earthquake Disease Pattern in a Camp at Gyampesal Gorkha(Kathmandu University, 2016) Malla, T; Malla, KK; Singh, SK; Shrestha, SABSTRACT Background A major earthquake occurred in Nepal on 25th April 2015 with magnitude of 7.8 causing mass panic amongst people. Objective To analyze scenario, experience and disease pattern of Post Earthquake camp at Gyampesal, Gorkha. Method A prospective observational study done on 13th and 14th June 2015 in a population who attended the health camp at health post, Gyampesal Gorkha. Analysis was done for age, sex, and disease pattern. Medicines for their health problems was provided by Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal Pediatric Society and Children Welfare in Nepal, Kathmandu. Result Total 159 patients [80.5% children and 19.5% adults] had attended the health camp. The mean age of children was 6.18±4.27 SD with maximum between 2-5 years (39%) and mean age of adults was 37.87±14.07 SD. Among the children males were more (50.8%) than females but in adult group females (83.9%) were more. Most common complaints were earthquake related fear (Children- 60.23% / adults -71%), insect bite [children -25.8% /adults -35.5%], pain abdomen (children- 64.1% / adult -38.7%) and decreased appetite (children- 83.6% / adults - 16.1%). Pain abdomen and decreased appetite was significantly high in children with p <0.009 and 0.001 respectively. The common disease patterns noted in children were recurrent abdominal pain (25%), acute gastroenteritis (19.5%), upper respiratory tract infections (15.6%), Impetigo (15.6%), Dental caries(10%), Pityriasis alba (10%). In adults Acid peptic disease (51.6%), Headache (32.5%), hypertension, Upper respiratory infections, scabies and Urinary tract infection (16%), Acute gastroenteritis (13%) was common. Conclusion Earthquake related fear, insect bite and Communicable diseases both airborne and water borne were the commonest findings observed. Therefore basic needs and services like safe water and sanitation, adequate shelter, primary healthcare services and vector-control campaigns are crucial and essential for these displaced populations. KEY WORDS Children, disease pattern, earthquakePublication Clinical Profile and Outcome of Children Admitted with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS-C) in a Tertiary Hospital(Kathmandu University, 2023) Singh, SK; Sah, VK; Pyakurel, AABSTRACT Background Most children infected with SARS-CoV-2 infection, are asymptomatic or develops mild to moderate symptoms. Few weeks later, few children develops delayed hyper inflammatory syndrome known as Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). Objective To describe various demographic features of children with Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. To analyze common clinical presentation, clinical and laboratory markers of severity and outcome of children with Multisystem inflammatory syndrome. Method This study was prospective observational study conducted on children with Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. This was conducted in Department of Pediatrics of Nobel Medical College during 12 months period from July 2021 to June 2022. Basic demographic features, common clinical presentation in children with Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and its severity and outcome were analyzed. Independent sample t-test and chi square test was used for comparison of means and categorical variables. Logistic regression was done to assess the relationship between clinical variables and outcome. Result A total of 36 children were included in our study. Maximum number of cases were male (61.11%) and age group > 10 years (58.33%). Fever, gastrointestinal symptoms, shock and renal dysfunction were common clinical features. Children requiring mechanical ventilation had higher C-reactive protein (CRP), lower platelets, higher d-Dimer and lower ejection fraction. Vasoactive Inotropic score (VIS > 10) was associated with higher chances of mechanical ventilation and prolonged pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) stay. Mortality rate in our study was 5.55% and three children developed coronary aneurysm. Conclusion Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children is life threatening illness following COVID 19 infection. Diagnosis and management of Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children requires early suspicion and appropriate intervention to prevent mortality. KEY WORDS Covid 19, Multisystem inflammatory syndrome, ShockPublication Explantation of damaged foldable acrylic lens with implantation of foldable intraocular lens without enlarging incision(Kathmandu University, 2008) Singh, SK; Winter, IAbstract Phacoemulsification with foldable intraocular lens (IOL) implantation has several advantages because of smaller incision and sutureless technique. The visual recovery is usually fast and any surgically induced astigmatism can be kept at lowest. With increased number of trained phaco surgeons in Nepal, more phaco surgeries with foldable lens implantation are being done. Main purpose of this article is to share our experience with ophthalmic surgeons about the technique of explantation and exchange of foldable hydrophilic acrylic lens with good visual outcome in the post operative period. This article describes a case of damaged intraocular lens within the capsular bag. This was successfully managed by snipping the lens into several pieces and explanting the same lens without enlarging the incision. Explantation of lens was followed by implantation of a new foldable lens with good surgical outcome.Publication Hypohiderotic ectodermal dysplasia(Kathmandu University, 2006) Neopane, A; Singh, SK; Manandhar, BWe report a case of a six years age girl who presented to our out patients department with the history and findings suggestive of recurrent respiratory tract infections. She was also noticed to have; non homogeneous hyper- pigmented patches on the face since three months of age, sparse hair on the scalp and eyebrows, conical peg like teeth and delayed dentition, prominent and low set ears, perpetually flexed third toe bilaterally. Axillary skin biopsy showed adenexal structures and eccrine glands in subcutaneous fat which were reduced in number. The diagnosis made was: Anhydrotic/ Hypohidrotic type of ectodermal dysplasia. Key words: Ectodermal Dysplasia, Anhidreotic, HypohidroticPublication Semi-customized Scleral Shell Prosthesis for a Pthisical Eye(Kathmandu University, 2023) Ghimire, P; Singh, SK; Rijal, AHABSTRACT One of the most common causes of eye loss is ocular trauma that overtime results in shrunken, non-functional eye known as a pthisical eye. The prosthetic options for such case include either prefabricated prosthesis or custom-made prothesis. Various materials and techniques are used for the fabrication of the prosthesis. Semi-customized prosthesis uses stock iris while the scleral shell is customized. This prosthesis has the advantages of both stock and custom-made prosthesis providing functionally and esthetically satisfactory result. This case report demonstrates the case of a 32 years old male who reported to the Department of Prosthodontics and Crown-Bridge, College of Dental Surgery, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal for eye prosthesis to mask his pthisical eye. For this case, a semi- customized scleral shell prosthesis was planned and fabricated. KEY WORDS Ocular prosthesis, Pthisical eye, Scleral shellPublication Study of knowledge, attitude and practice of family planning in an urban area of Bharatpur(Institute of Medicine, 2006) Manandhar, N; Singh, SK; Patowary, S; Krishna, GAbstract Background: A cross-sectional study was conducted during September-October, 2004 among 255 purposively selected woman of reproductive age group (15-44 years) in Bharatpur Municipality, Chitwan district. Material and Methods: Door to door survey was conducted and informations were collected on a structured and pre-tested proforma from 255 married women. Result: It was found that 100% of the respondents had heard about any one or the other method of family planning.All respondents had knowledge about Condom. The majority of them had knowledge about Oral Contraceptive Pills (92.9%), injectable (89.4%) and Intra Uterine Device (89.4%). The currently married women (45.8%) were using injectable (Depo-Provera). The OCP & IUD were being used by 18.8% each. Conclusion: Knowledge regarding family planning method was far from satisfactory. They had positive attitude towards family planning. Keywords: :Reproductive age, Contraceptive, Fertility, WomanPublication Topiramate induced bilateral angle-closure glaucoma(Kathmandu University, 2007) Singh, SK; Thapa, SS; Badhu, BPTopiramate is a sulfamate-substituted monosaccharide and is used as an antiepileptic medication 1. It can also be used as a prophylactic agent for headache from migraine2 . The main purpose of this article is to create awareness among medical colleagues regarding severe ophthalmic side effect of topiramate. This is the first reported case of topiramate induced bilateral angle-closure glaucoma in Nepal. This case was managed successfully by discontinuing topiramate and by starting anti-glaucoma medication along with atropine eye drops which were tapered and eventually discontinued.