Shrestha, BL2026-01-072026-01-072023https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14572/4120Shrestha BL Department of ENT-HNS Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel Hospital Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences Dhulikhel, Kavre, NepalABSTRACT Inverted papilloma (IP) is an uncommon sinonasal malignancy primarily affecting middle-aged adults. It is characterized by locally aggressive behavior, a high recurrence rate, and a concerning potential for malignant transformation. The etiology of inverted papilloma remains unclear, although human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been implicated in up to 40% of cases. Surgical intervention is the mainstay of treatment, with the approach (endoscopic versus external) dictated by the extent and characteristics of the tumor. Rigorous follow-up is mandatory to ensure early detection of local recurrence, which can manifest early or with a delayed presentation. KEY WORDS Human papillomavirus, Inverted papilloma, Surgical interventionen-USHuman papillomavirusInverted papillomaSurgical interventionArticle