Browsing by Author "Acharya, RP"
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Publication Body mass index and its relation with hypertension, diabetes mellitus and ischemic heart disease in a general health clinic in Nepal(Institute of Medicine, 2006) Acharya, RP; Prasad, PN; Gupta, MPAbstract Background: Obesity is increasing rapidly in both developed and developing countries and the new generations are at increased risk. Similarly, the prevalence of non-communicable diseases are also increasing. In this context, attempt has been made to correlate the situation. Objective: To find out the Body Mass Index (BMI) in patient suffering from three common noncommunicable diseases - hypertension, diabetes mellitus and ischemic heart disease (IHD). Material and Methods: Aretrospective study was carried out in the clients attending General Health Check up Clinic at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Katmandu during a period of six months. Those suffering from Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus and Ischaemic Heart Disease were included and BMI was analysed. Results: In this study, a total of 464 records were analyzed. Analysis of BMI revealed 5.8% to be underweight (<18.5), 52.2% to be normal (18.5-25.0), 37.9% to be overweight (25.1-30.0) and 4.1% to be obese (>30.0). Out of 19 obese cases, 73.7% had hypertension, 10.5% had diabetes mellitus and 5.3% had IHD. Similarly, out of 176 overweight cases 46.0% had hypertension, 6.8% had diabetes mellitus and 3.4% had IHD. The cases with normal weight or underweight had significantly lower incidence of these diseases. Out of 242 normal cases, 21.1% had hypertension, 5.4% had diabetes mellitus and 2.9% had IHD. Out of 27 underweight cases, 3.7% had hypertension, 3.7% had diabetes mellitus and none had IHD. Conclusion: This study showed that overweight and obesity is not uncommon in Nepali population; and is related with the higher incidence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and IHD.Publication Pattern of poisoning cases in Bir Hospital(Institute of Medicine, 2006) Singh, DP; Acharya, RPAbstract Background: Poisoning is one of the major causes of hospitalization through emergency and is a major public health problem in the country. For starting preventive measures, information on nature and extent of poisoning is required. For some years, there has been no study on poisoning at Bir hospital. Objectives: To find out the patient profile, the common poisons and outcome of poisoning cases. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of all acute poisoning cases admitted to the emergency department of Bir Hospital from January 2005 to June 2005 was done to study the pattern of acute poisoning. Data on age, sex, time elapsed after intake, circumstances of poisoning, name of the poisonous substance, actual use, chemical type, hospitalization days, severity and outcome were collected and analyzed. Results: The age of the patients varied from 16 to 65 years. The male female ratio was 1:1.3. More than three-fourth (76.8%) of the female patients were from 16 to 25 years age group. Similarly, 46.5% of the male patients were from 16 to 25 years age group. In more than 25 years of age, there was male predominance in all the age group. The common insecticides used for poisoning were organophosphorus compounds mainly Methyl Parathion (Metacid) and Dichlorovos (Nuvan). Paracetamol alone or combination preparations with antihistamines were the most common analgesic used. Benzodiazepines were the most commonly used anxiolytics. Ninety-seven percent of cases were intentional poisoning for suicidal attempt. Most of the cases (61.6%) had arrived hospital within 3 hours after exposure to the poison. The hospital stay of the admitted patients with poisoning ranged from one to sixteen days. The mean hospital stay was 5.9 days. During the hospital stay, six (6.0%) cases were managed in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) service. In this study, only 3% cases had mortality. There were 5 cases of Aluminium Phosphide poisoning but surprisingly, none of them died from this highly toxic poison. Conclusion: Suicide among adolescents and young adults is a common public health problem. Patients with intentional poisoning must undergo psychiatric consultation during their stay in the hospital for the treatment poisoning. This will minimize the risk of next attempt of self harm. In addition, strict rules must be followed regarding sale of psychotropic medicines and pesticides. Effective clinical management of poisoning can minimize the mortality.