NepMed is a Nepal MEDLINE(Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online) by Nepal Health Research Council(NHRC). It includes bibliographic information for articles from academic biomedical journals covering medicine, dentistry, nursing, pharmacy, dentistry veterinary medicine, and allied health sciences.
Recent Publications
Association of Vitamin D Deficiency with Acute Lower Respiratory Infection in Toddlers Authors
(Nepal Paediatric Society (JNPS), 2016) Narang, Gursharan Singh; Arora, Sunita; Kukreja, Sahiba; Shifali, Dr
Abstract:
Introduction: Pneumonia remains a significant health problem in India with significant morbidity and mortality. Objectives of this study were to identifying an effective nutritional agent that reduces the need for antibiotics, duration of pneumonia and length of hospitalization would be highly cost-beneficial.
Material and Methods: This was a hospital-based case-control study: A total of 100 children including 50 cases and 50 controls, aged 2–60 months, were enrolled. Case definition of severe ALRI as given by the World Health Organization was used for cases. Controls were healthy children attending outpatients’ service for immunization or admitted for minor ailments other than ALRTI.
Results: Mean 25(OH)D concentrations in children of the study group were lower than those of the control group (20.431 ng/mL vs. 27.67 ng/mL; p = 0.035). Factors significantly associated with decreased risk of ALRTI in univariate analysis were: exclusive breastfeeding in the first 6 months (cases 13/50 (26%), controls 42/50 (84%); p=0.000); adequate exposure to sunlight (cases 14/50 (28%), controls 42/50 (84%); P=0.000); and serum 25OHD3 <20 ng/ml (cases 28/50 (56%), controls 0/50 (0%); p=.000). Multivariate logistic model indicated that severe vitamin D deficiency (OR=NA), exclusive breast feeding (OR=.174); 95% CI (.061- .521; p=.002) and adequate sunlight exposure (OR=.179) ;95%CI (.062-.519); p=.002) were significant independent predictive risk factors for ALRTI among the children between 2 months – 5 years of age (all p<0.05).
Conclusion: Severe vitamin D deficiency (<20ng/ml), nonexclusive breastfeeding in the first six months of life, inadequate sun exposure were significant risk factors for ALRTI in Indian children.
Additional Use of Alarm Systems in Wakefulness in the Treatment of Mono-Symptomatic Nocturnal Enuresis
(Nepal Paediatric Society (JNPS), 2016) Kosilov, Kirill Vladimirovich; Loparev, Sergey Alexandrovich; Kuzina, Irina Gennadyevna; Shakirova, Olga Victorovna; Zhuravskaya, Natalia Serveevna; Lobodenko, Alexandra
Abstract:
Introduction: There are many factors associated with nocturnal enuresis in children and can be very challenging as regards its management. Consequently, misunderstanding could arise explaining the state when a child for years urinates in bed. The aim of this study was to investigate possibilities of increase of efficiency of alarm systems and decrease of time of result achievement in case of usage of such modernized therapy algorithm.
Materials and methods: 452 children (307 boys and 145 girls) took part in the study. All patients were randomly divided into two groups prior to alarm systems therapy. Group А patients (206) were offered to use alarm system (Wet Stop/ BYE-WET by PALCO LABS, Inc (USA) in normal mode. Group В patients (246) were using alarm system in wakefulness – urinated on device catching sensor. Alarm intervention was carried out within 12 weeks, total period of observation over the patients– 5 months.
Results: We found out that number of patients with urination in sleep after 3 months of therapy was reliably less in this group than in control (23.5 against 40.3 percent, p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Usage of alarm systems in patient’s wakefulness in addition to standard treatment regimen was improved the efficiency of Alarm-therapy up to 76.5 percent. Day training with the usage of alarm systems reliably increased the number of dry nights and self-wakening in case of desire to urinate. Usage of alarm systems in wakefulness was safe and did not result in additional refusal from treatment.
Averting the Legacy of Kidney Disease; Focus on Childhood
(Nepal Paediatric Society (JNPS), 2016) Ingelfinger, Julie R; Kalantar-Zadeh, Kamyar; Schaefer, Franz
Abstract:
World Kidney Day 2016 focuses on kidney disease in childhood and the antecedents of adult kidney disease that can begin in earliest childhood. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in childhood differs from that in adults, as the largest diagnostic group among children includes congenital anomalies and inherited disorders, with glomerulopathies and kidney disease in the setting of diabetes being relatively uncommon. In addition, many children with acute kidney injury will ultimately develop sequelae that may lead to hypertension and CKD in later childhood or in adult life. Children born early or who are small-for date newborns have relatively increased risk for the development of CKD later in life. Persons with a high-risk birth and early childhood history should be watched closely in order to help detect early signs of kidney disease in time to provide effective prevention or treatment. Successful therapy is feasible for advanced CKD in childhood; there is evidence that children fare better than adults, if they receive kidney replacement therapy including dialysis and transplantation, while only a minority of children may require this ultimate intervention Because there are disparities in access to care, effort is needed so that those children with kidney disease, wherever they live, may be treated effectively, irrespective of their geographic or economic circumstances. Our hope is that World Kidney Day will inform the general public, policy makers and caregivers about the needs and possibilities surrounding kidney disease in childhood.
White Cerebellum Sign
(Nepal Paediatric Society (JNPS), 2016) Gopalakrishnan, Shridhar; Uddandam, Rajesh; Sodhi, Kirandeep
Abstract:
The white cerebellum sign is an unusual but striking radiological sign of global hypoxia ischemia of the brain. Recognition helps in diagnosis and prognosis as this sign is usually associated with a uniformly poor outcome.
Mild to Severe Anemia of Undiagnosed Etiology Diagnosed by Genetic Study
(Nepal Paediatric Society (JNPS), 2016) Bose, Kalliol; Siddique, Md Abu Bakkar; Ghorai, Sudipta; Kundu, Chanchal; Saha, Sudip
Abstract:
We report a case of a child with beta thalassemia major, whose mother is a carrier of beta thalassemia and father is having hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin. Gene study revealed compound heterozygous for codon 8/9+G and IVS-1-5 G>C point mutation. Another four cases of anemia not responding to iron diagnosed to have alpha thalassemia carrier are also reported here.