NepMed is a Nepal MEDLINE(Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online) by Nepal Health Research Council(NHRC). It includes bibliographic information for articles from academic biomedical journals covering medicine, dentistry, nursing, pharmacy, dentistry veterinary medicine, and allied health sciences.
Recent Publications
An association of inguinal and pelvic hernia
(Institute of Medicine, 2006) Rana, A; Gurung, G; Mishra, P
Abstract
Background: An association of inguinal hernia and pelvic hernia (uterovaginal prolapse) documented for the first time establishes the myth of the age old teaching that pelvic organ prolapse could be related to other weakness of the other body muscles thus indicating pursuance of traditional teachings that consists in looking for hernial orifices during examination of prolapse.
Gall bladder tuberculosis: a rare entity
(Institute of Medicine, 2006) Lakhey, P; Shrestha, ML; Sayami, G; Khakurel, MP
Abstract
Background: Though tuberculosis is common in other parts of the body, gall bladder tuberculosis is rare. We report a case of gall bladder tuberculosis managed in our institution.
Case Report:A 42 year old lady presented with right upper quadrant pain associated with fatty meal intolerance for one month. The pain was relieved by antispasmodics. Her liver function test was normal. Ultrasonogram of abdomen revealed, thick wall gall bladder with solitary stone in the gall bladder. Retrograde subtotal cholecystectomy was done. The histopathology report of the gall bladder revealed granulomatous cholecystitis suggestive of tuberculosis.
Keywords: Gall bladder, Tuberculosis, , Granulomatous cholecystitis
Gastric cancer: diagnosis and treatment options
(Institute of Medicine, 2006) Shrestha, ML
Abstract
Background: Overall incidence of primary gastric cancer has steadily declined in the western countries, however it is still prevalent in northern and south Asian countries. The exact prevalence in Nepal is still to be known, however according to the hospital based statistics, it seems to be the commonest cancer in Tribhuvan university teaching hospital followed by lung carcinomas. Over all, the incidence of distal stomach tumors has greatly declined, but reported cases of proximal gastric carcinomas, including tumors at the gastroesophageal junction, have increased. Early diagnosis of gastric cancer has been very difficult because most patients are asymptomatic in the early stage. Weight loss and abdominal pain often are late signs of tumor progression. Chronic atrophic gastritis, Helicobacter pylori infection, smoking, heavy alcohol use, and several dietary factors have been incriminated to increase the risks for gastric carcinomas.
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy is the preferred diagnostic modality for evaluation of patients in whom stomach cancer is suspected. Accurate staging of gastric wall invasion and lymph node involvement is important for determining prognosis and appropriate treatment.
Endoscopic ultrasonography, in combination with computed tomography and operative lymph node dissection, may be involved in staging the tumor. Treatment with surgery alone offers a high rate of failure. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy have not improved survival rates when used as single modalities, but combined therapy has shown some promise. Primary prevention, by control of modifiable risk factors and increased surveillance of persons at increased risk, is important in decreasing morbidity and mortality.
Study of risk factors for human Immunodeficiency virus transmission among seropositive cases
(Institute of Medicine, 2006) Acharya, B; Dhungel, KU; Easow, JM; Singh, YL
Abstract
Background:Infections with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) are being increasingly reported ever since it was shown to be the cause of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) in 1984. Knowledge of risk group / risk factors helps in taking effective interventions to reduce the spread of HIV cases.
Methods: This study is an attempt to find out the risk groups / risk factors for HIV infection among the patients who attended the clinics of Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal.
Result: Out of 681 HIV suspected cases, 54 were found to be HIV seropositive, among them 76% were male and 24% were female (male: female ratio being 3.15:1). The age group between 30 and 39 had the highest number of HIV seropositive cases. The HIV seropositive cases were further classified into different risk groups such as Intravenous drug users (IVDUS).
Conclusion: Housewives, high-risk behavior, Nepali mercenaries, children and blood transfusion; IVDUS (33.33%) was found to be the major risk group.
Keywords: HIV, Risk groups, Nepal, Age, IVDUs