NepMed is a Nepal MEDLINE(Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online) by Nepal Health Research Council(NHRC). It includes bibliographic information for articles from academic biomedical journals covering medicine, dentistry, nursing, pharmacy, dentistry veterinary medicine, and allied health sciences.
Recent Publications
Pregnancy Induced Hypertension and its Management
(Institute of Medicine, 2014) Subedi, D
Abstract
Pregnancy induced hypertension which occurs after 20 weeks gestation, in labour or within 48 hours of delivery. The mortality is closely associated with the severity of hypertension, being more evident in patients with eclampsia. Neonatal and infant mortality rates are consistently higher in preterm infants than in term infants. Preeclampsia and eclampsia can lead to higher frequency of induced labor, fetal growth restriction, neonatal respiratory difficulties, and increased frequency admission to neonatal intensive care unit. Early detection and prevention of maternal hypertensive disorder is important in order to avoid morbidity and mortality. Education about the warning symptoms is also important because early recognition may help women receive treatment and prevent worsening of the disease.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus with antiphospholipid Syndrome Presenting as Seizure Disorder and Retinopathy
(Institute of Medicine, 2014) Sharma, AK; Sitaula, S; Thapa, M; Gautam, P; Shrestha, GS; Gajurel, BP; Sigdel, MR
NA.
Disseminated cysticercosis in a child: A Rare Presentation
(Institute of Medicine, 2014) Poudel, DR; Lhaden, T; Shrestha, M
Abstract
We here present a rare case of disseminated cysticercosis presented with clouding of cornea with gradual loss of vision in the right eye and multiple nodules all over the body. Opthalmologic evaluation revealed none perception of light on right eye with calcified cyst in entire intraocular lens. MRI of the brain showed starry sky pattern in brain parenchyma and multiple calcified cysts in the orbit. Serological test (ELISA) for cysticercal IgG antibodies was positive. Histopathology report on an excised biopsy from subcutaneous nodule also showed calcified cyst. She was treated initially with steroid for 3 days followed by albendazole for 2 weeks. MRI was repeated after 3 months which showed no resolution of the lesion. Later she presented with generalized seizure managed with anticonvulsant.
Keywords: cysticercosis, calcified cyst
Topiramate-Induced Psychosis in an Individual with alcohol Dependence: a case Report
(Institute of Medicine, 2014) Chapagai, M; Tulachan, P; Dhungana, S
Abstract
Introduction: Topiramate, an antiepileptic drug, has been shown to reduce alcohol craving and heavy drinking and to improve abstinence among alcohol-dependent individuals 1. We report here a case of psychosis which occurred following use of topitramate in an alcohol dependence case .Thus, this case highlights need for clinicians to become aware of this association and its subsequent severe morbidity.
Keywords: Topiramate, Alcohol dependent, psychosis
clinical Manifestation of Ocular Motor Nerve Palsies in a Tertiary Eye Hospital of Kathmandu, Nepal
(Institute of Medicine, 2014) Sitaula, S; Sharma, AK; Shrestha, GB; Gajurel, BP; Shrestha, GS
Abstract
Introduction: Ocular motor nerve palsies are one of the leading causes of ocular morbidity in the neuro-ophthalmology clinic.
Objective: This study was aimed to determine the aetiology of ocular motor nerve palsies in a tertiary referral eye center of Nepal.
Methods: This hospital based cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out over a period of one and a half years. All cases of ocular motor nerve palsies were evaluated and relevant laboratory investigations and imaging studies were done.
Results: Ninety–one patients with ocular motor nerve palsies were examined, of which 53 (58%) were males and 38(42%) were females. The mean age was 39.4 years ±18.29 years. Majority of the cases (n=78, 86%) had unilateral involvement and the most common chief complaint was double vision (n=58, 63.7%). The sixth cranial nerve palsy was most commonly seen (n=49, 53.85%) followed by third nerve palsy (n=22, 24.18%). Fourth cranial nerve palsy and combined cranial nerve palsies accounted for 10.99% each (n=10). Aetiology of ocular motor nerve palsies could not be determined in 31.8% of the cases. Among the identifiable etiologies were vascular diseases (n=24, 26.3%), infections (n=14, 15.3%), trauma (n=14, 15.3%) and neoplasms (n=9, 9.8%). Imaging studies were done in 92 %(n=84) of cases. In cases of combined cranial nerve palsies, positive diagnostic findings were noted in 50% (n=5) of the cases with imaging studies.
Conclusion: The sixth cranial nerve palsy was the most common ocular motor nerve palsy in our study. The most common identifiable aetiology was vascular diseases followed by trauma. Besides ophthalmic examination, neurological evaluation and imaging plays an important role in diagnosis.
Keywords: aetiology, imaging, ocular motor nerve palsy