NepMed is a Nepal MEDLINE(Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online) by Nepal Health Research Council(NHRC). It includes bibliographic information for articles from academic biomedical journals covering medicine, dentistry, nursing, pharmacy, dentistry veterinary medicine, and allied health sciences.
Recent Publications
Focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) of liver in children
(Institute of Medicine, 2014) Bhattarai, A; Kansakar, P; Vaidya, P
Abstract
Introduction: Focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) is one of the rare benign tumors of liver and second common benign tumour after the haemangioma in adult. It is mostly seen in young middle age women.The actiology of this tumour is unknown; however congenital vascular malformation or vascular injury to the hepatocytes has been suggested as the underlying mechanism for hepatocellular hyperplasia. Its relation with OCP is still controversial2. The tumor is asymptomatic most of the time and detected during routine physical examination or incidentally during radiological investigation. Large lesion presented with abdominal mass and abdominal pain due to pressure effects over surrounding tissue. Only Symptomatic lesion needs treatment. Bleeding and torsion can occur but malignant transformantion never occur in this disease. FNH is very rare in pediatric population Here we report two case of such rare case in pediatric population. Hepatic resection was undertaken in both patients with excellent outcome.
Role of dentists in Disaster Victim Identification of Sita air crash, Nepal
(Institute of Medicine, 2014) Dahal, S; Agrawal, NK; Shrestha, PK
Abstract
Introduction: Sita Air Dornier 228, an early-morning flight from Tribhuvan International Airport Kathmandu to Lukla on Friday 28 September 2012 plunged into the banks of the Manohara River in Bhaktapur three minutes after takeoff, killing all 16 passengers and 3 crew members out of which seven were Britons, five were Chinese, one American and the rest, including the crew members, were Nepalese. All deceased were brought to Department of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Medicine for identification.
Methods: Autopsy was carried out systematically by Forensic Medicine experts and dental experts. Personal belongings, medical and dental findings were recorded. Ante-mortem data was collected from family members, relatives and respective embassies. Reconciliation was carried out comparing ante-mortem and post-mortem records,
Results: Of the human remains recovered, sixteen positive identifications were made by dental findings correlated with dental records and description given by family member. Two passengers were identified on medical grounds and the last one by exclusion.
Conclusion: This paper describes the crash victim identification of Sita Air Dornier 228. It highlights the importance of dental records and involvement of Forensic odontologist as a part of Disaster Victim Identification team. The authors were part of Disaster Victim Identification Team, Nepal for Sita Air Crash.
Keywords: Sita Air, Disaster victim identification, Forensic odontology, Aircrash identification
A Study of the relationship of structures at Mandibular Foramen
(Institute of Medicine, 2014) Baral, P; Bastola, D; Shrestha, RN
Abstract
Introduction: Mandibular foramen is located on medial aspect of ramus of mandible. Inferior alveolar artery and nerve enters into the foramen and inferior alveolar vein comes out of it. Dissection studies on 16 male and 4 female cadavers suggested that inferior alveolar nerve was medial to inferior alveolar vessels and inferior alveolar artery was anterior to inferior alveolar vein. Knowledge of interrelationship of structures at mandibular foramen is important for dental surgeon or oral surgeons while giving the inferior alveolar nerve block.
Keywords: mandibular foramen, inferior alveolar nerve, inferior alveolar artery
Clinical observations among patients with Dengue Fever in Nepal
(Institute of Medicine, 2014) Neupane, B; Sherchand, JB; Pandey, BD
Abstract
Introduction: Dengue is an arthropod-borne viral illness that has become a serious public health threat in Nepal. The disease has been reported frequently during the post monsoon period in the southem lowlands of the country. Studies relating to sero-prevalence of dengue have been performed regularly in Nepal but the most frequent clinical observations among the patients with dengue fever have not been well documented. We report thrombocytopenia (74%), headache (44%) and myalgia (44%) among the febrile cases as the most frequent features of the 287 dengue cases identified by rapid immunochromatographic tests and ELISA during 2010 and 2011. These findings are potentially helpful for the clinicians to predict dengue in the early stage in those areas where dengue has been endemic, thus minimizing the significant morbidity and mortality of the disease.
Keywords: Dengue, disease, clinical features, Nepal
Retrospective study on extracranial neck schwannomas in tertiary care hospital in Nepal
(Institute of Medicine, 2014) Shrestha, UK; Shrestha, KR
Abstract
Introduction: Schwannomas are relatively rare tumors arising from Schwann cells that ensheath the peripheral nerves. The study aim was to identify extracranial neck schwannomas treated in a tertiary care hospital in Nepal.
Methods: We reviewed medical records of all patients with extracranial head and neck schwannomas treated at our department from July 2004 to June 2014.
Results: Ten such patients consisted of 7 males and 3 females were identified, with a mean age of 37.8 +/- 10.7 years (range: 20 to 54 years) with solitary schwannomas. Mean size of tumor was 5 cm (range: 2-10 cm). Most of the patients (60%) presented with asymptomatic palpable mass. Of these ten, 50% had a left sided neck mass. Seven originated from vagus nerve while three from sympathetic chain. The average duration of symptoms ranged from one month to two and half years. In all cases, tumor was completely resected through cervical approach. All tumors were enucleated keeping nerve of origin intact. In all cases, the tumor was completely resected surgically. The average follow up period ranged from one month to 108 months (median: 24 months). No major postoperative complications were noted. Two patients (20%) developed Homer's syndrome and one (10%) had temporary hypoglossal nerve palsy which recovered within three months.
Conclusion: Non-vestibular extracranial head and neck schwannomas most frequently present as an innocuous longstanding unilateral neck mass. The mainstay of treatment is complete excision preserving the nerve of origin. Early recognition of Schwannomas is key to optimal treatment.
Keywords: cranial nerves, Horner's syndrome, Schwannoma