Browsing by Author "Badhu, BP"

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    Association between axial length of the eye and primary angle closure glaucoma
    (Kathmandu University, 2008) Sherpa, D; Badhu, BP
    Abstract Background: Angle closure glaucoma is emerging as a leading cause of blindness in Asia. Objective: To compare the ocular axial length of normal individuals and the subjects with primary angle closure glaucoma. This study has been conducted to determine axial length of eye as a risk factor of primary angle closure glaucoma. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional comparative study was carried out in Mechi Eye Care Centre, Jhapa, Nepal including forty eyes of 20 diagnosed cases of primary angle closure glaucoma (40 eyes) and 40 eyes of 20 normal subjects selected by simple random sampling. A complete ocular examination of all the subjects was carried out. Axial length measurement was done using ultrasound A scan. Results: Out of 80 eyes, there were 40 eyes of 20 diagnosed primary angle closure subjects and 40 eyes of 20 normal subjects. The mean axial length and standard deviation of primary angle closure glaucoma were 21.93 + 1.16 mm (95% CI = 21.41 - 22.45) and those of control group were 23.01 + 0.49 (95% CI = 22.79 - 23.23). The axial length of less than 23 mm was found as a risk factor for angle closure glaucoma (Relative risk =3.40; p = 0.0032). Conclusion: This study showed that patients with the axial length of less than 23 mm are at risk to develop primary angle closure glaucoma. This result can be con rmed by doing population based study in a larger sample size. Keywords: Axial length, Primary angle closure glaucoma, Nepal
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    Effectiveness of structured teaching program in improving knowledge and attitude of school going adolescents on reproductive health
    (Kathmandu University, 2005) Dhital, AD; Badhu, BP; Paudel, RK; Uprety, DK
    Introduction: Development of knowledge and attitude takes place during the adolescent period, which can have lifelong effects on the individual, family and society. Proper education in this age group is important for prevention of untoward social and health related problems. Objective: To find out the effectiveness of structured teaching program in improving knowledge and attitude of school going adolescents on reproductive health. Materials and methods: An experimental study with pretest – posttest control group design was carried out in four selected schools with similar settings in Dharan town of Nepal. All the subjects were divided into two groups: experimental and control, each comprising of two subgroups of 50 boys and 50 girls. Structured teaching program consisting of information on human reproductive system was used as a tool of investigation for the experimental group, whereas conventional teaching method was used for the control group. Results: A total of 200 Adolescent school students were included in this study. The mean (±SD) pretest score of the experimental group on knowledge of reproductive health was 39.83 (± 16.89) and of the control group was 39.47(± 0.08). The same of experimental group after administration of the structured teaching program (84.60±10.60) and of the control group with conventional teaching method (43.93±10.08) was statistically significant (p<0.001). Similarly, the post-test scores of knowledge of the groups on responsible sexual behaviour and their attitude towards reproductive health were better in the experimental group than in the control group (p<0.001). Conclusion: The knowledge of adolescent school students on reproductive health is inadequate. The use of structured teaching program is effective in improving knowledge and attitude of the adolescents on reproductive health. Keywords: reproductive health; adolescents
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    Pattern of intraocular pressure changes following manual small incision cataract surgery
    (Kathmandu University, 2005) Das, H; Badhu, BP; Panda, A
    Objectives: To find out the pattern of changes in intraocular pressure after manual small incision cataract surgery. Methods: Consecutive patients (291 eyes of 291 patients) undergoing manual small incision cataract surgery were prospectively evaluated for change in IOP. Patients were further divided into two groups based on whether or not sutures were used to close the scleral tunnel. IOP was serially measured at day 1, 1st, 2 nd, 4 th , 6 th, 8 th and 12th week. Results: The mean post operative IOP in eyes where sutures were not applied (12.59± 3.02 mmHg, 12.59±2.34mmHg, 12.54±2.19mmHg and 12.40±2.99 mm Hg at day1, 2week and 4weeks respectively) was lower than that where sutures were used to close the wound (15.57± 3.86mmHg, 14.05±2.52mmHg, 14.43±3.39mmHg at day1, 2weeks and 4 weeks respectively). There was a drop of IOP from the preoperative IOP in both suture (1.15±3.29mm Hg) and non suture (3.29±3.07mm Hg) group at 3 months of follow up. Conclusion: There is a small drop of IOP following sutureless MSICS during long term follow up. Eyes where sutures are applied are more likely to have higher IOP than those without sutures at the initial post operative period. Key Words: Small incision cataract surgery, suture less cataract surgery, intraocular pressure.
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    Prevalence of glaucoma in Sunsari district of eastern Nepal
    (Kathmandu University, 2007) Sah, RP; Badhu, BP; Pokharel, PK; Thakur, SKD; Das, H; Panda, A
    Aims: To determine prevalence of glaucoma and glaucoma suspect in subjects 40 years and above in Sunsari district of eastern Nepal. Methods: A community based cross sectional study examining 1600 selected subjects was carried out. In all subjects best corrected visual acuity was determined. Oblique torch light test was used for anterior chamber depth evaluation. Intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements with Perkins tonometer and fundus examination were carried out in the community. Subjects diagnosed as glaucoma suspect were further evaluated in the hospital using slit lamp examination, gonioscopy and Goldmann perimetry. Glaucoma was defined by characteristic disc and visual field changes irrespective of the level of IOP. Results: Of 1600 subjects examined, the prevalence of glaucoma was found to be 0.938%. The prevalences of primary open angle glaucoma, primary angle closure glaucoma, secondary glaucoma and ocular hypertension were 0.562%, 0.125%, 0.250% and 0.500% respectively. Lens induced glaucoma accounted for all the cases of secondary glaucoma. Conclusion: The prevalence of glaucoma in the Sunsari District of Nepal is 0.938%, which is lower than that reported in the neighboring regions. Lens induced glaucoma is highly prevalent as a cause of secondary glaucoma. Key words: Glaucoma, prevalence, Eastern Nepal, secondary glaucoma
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    Sinonasal inverted papilloma in eastern part of Nepal
    (Kathmandu University, 2006) Bhandary, S; Singh, RK; Shrestha, S; Sinha, AK; Badhu, BP; Karki, P
    Objective: To evaluate the clinicopathological profile of sinonasal inverted papilloma in a tertiary referral center in eastern part of Nepal. Methods: A prospective study consisting of total 28 histologically proven cases of sinonasal inverted papilloma was conducted in the ENT department of the center. The study period was from April 2002 to November 2005. Result: Out of 28 cases studied, 21 were males and 7 were females with male to female ratio of 3:1. The highest incidence was seen in the 5 th and 6 th decades of life. The duration of symptoms varied from 5 months to 20 years with mean duration of 3.9 years. The lateral nasal wall and nasal cavity involvement was seen in all 28 cases. Maxillary sinus was involved in 27(96.4%) subjects followed by ethmoid (20), sphenoid (10) and the frontal sinus (7). The principle presenting symptom was nasal obstruction seen in 96.4% of the patients. Twenty two cases were treated by lateral rhinotomy with medial maxillectomy while, orbital exenteration was done in two cases. Associated carcinoma was noticed in 10.15% of all the subjects studied. Conclusion: Sinonasal papilloma mostly presented in fifth to six decades of life mainly affecting the male patients. Majority of the patients were treated by lateral Rhinotomy with medial maxillectomy surgery. Early presentation would have given chances for endoscopic surgery. Key words: Sinonasal inverted papilloma, lateral Rhinotomy, medial maxillectomy.

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