Browsing by Author "Banait, Nishant"
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Publication Cerebral Hemodyanamics in Stable Preterm Infants Before and After Packed Cell Transfusion Authors(Nepal Paediatric Society (JNPS), 2021) Chetan, Chinmay; Zaw, Nyein Nyein; Suryawanshi, Pradeep; Banait, Nishant; Pareek, Prince; Deshpande, Sujata; Gupta, Bhvya; Garegrat, ReemaAbstract: Introduction: In a year, around 3.5 million preterm deliveries occur in India alone. Some of these babies will require packed cell volume (PCV) transfusion. There is a paucity of robust data on effect of blood transfusions on the cerebral hemodynamic from India. This study was done to see the effect of PCV transfusion on blood flow velocities and resistive index (RI) of anterior cerebral artery (ACA) in stable preterm infants. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Pune, India. All stable preterm infants (< 37 weeks) receiving PCV transfusion were enrolled. USG Doppler study of ACA was done before and after PCV transfusion. Peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV) and RI were measured pre and post PCV transfusion. Results: Thirty infants were included in the study, with median gestation age of 28.8 {interquartile range (IQR), 27-30.55} weeks and median birth weight of 970 {interquartile range (IQR), 869.5 - 1190} grams. There was a significant decrease in PSV pre and post PCV transfusion - 58.46 (± 18.44) cm / sec and 46.34 (± 13.93) cm / sec respectively (p value < 0.001). Changes in RI and EDV were non-significant. Conclusions: PCV transfusion significantly decreased PSV, reflecting improved cerebral oxygenation, and decreased cardiac output after correction of anaemia. Laboratory threshold for PCV transfusion in stable preterm infants are not known. USG Doppler study has the potential to provide one of the objective criteria for PCV transfusion in these infants though large scale randomized controlled trials are needed to prove its efficacy.Publication Trend of bacteriological profile and antibiotics sensitivity pattern in neonates with late onset sepsis(Madhesh Institute of Health Sciences (MIHS), 2025) Sah, Love Kumar; Pareek, Prince; Suryawanshi, Sonali; Banait, Nishant; Suryawanshi, PradeepABSTRACT: Background: Neonatal sepsis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). It is categorized as early onset sepsis (EOS, ≤72 hours) and late onset sepsis (LOS, >72 hours). The World Health Organization (WHO) has emphasized antibiotic stewardship. In LMICs, antibiograms are crucial where sepsis significantly contributes to neonatal deaths. Objective: To analyze trends in bacteriological profile and antibiotics sensitivity in neonates with Late Onset Sep- sis (LOS). Methods: This was a 10-year retrospective study of culture-proven LOS cases. Demographics, isolate types, and sensitivity patterns were recorded. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) gram-negative isolates were defined as resistance to ≥3 of 5 antibiotic classes: extended-spectrum cephalosporins, carbapenems, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, and piperacillin-tazobactam. Results: Among 14,336 NICU admissions (2010–2019), 6092 (42.5%) were evaluated for sepsis, and 647 (10.6%) had culture-positive LOS. Gram-negative organisms comprised 488 (75.3%) isolates—Klebsiella (35.3%), E. coli (13.3%), and Acinetobacter (10.5%) were most common. Gram-positive isolates (24.7%) included S. aureus (9.4%), coagulase- negative staphylococci (10.5%), and Enterococcus (4.8%). High MDR rates were observed in Klebsiella (56.3%), E. coli (56.9%), and Acinetobacter (86.8%). Methicillin resistance was seen in 77.3% of S. aureus and 74.2% of Enterococcus. Conclusions: Alarming antimicrobial resistance in both gram-negative and gram-positive organisms calls for urgent at- tention. Antibiotic stewardship and regular antibiogram surveillance are essential to develop effective hospital policies.