Browsing by Author "Banskota, Bibek"
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Publication Cerebral Palsy among Children Visiting the Outpatient Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics in a Tertiary Care Centre(Nepal Medical Association, 2023) Awale, Ayushi; Banskota, Bibek; Yadav, Prakash; Shakya, Ganga; Banskota, Ashok KumarAbstract Introduction: Cerebral palsy is a group of neurological disorders that appear in infancy or early childhood and occur as a result of anomalies in the developing brain that impair the brain's capacity to regulate movement, maintain posture, and maintain balance. Healthcare professionals can better predict the need for the medical, rehabilitative, and support services needed by people with cerebral palsy by using accurate prevalence statistics. The aim of the study was to find out the prevalence of cerebral palsy among children visiting the Outpatient Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics in a tertiary care centre. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among patients visiting the Outpatient Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics in a tertiary care centre. Data from 1 January 2018 to 31 December 2019 was collected between 25 April 2023 to 5 May 2023 from medical records after obtaining ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee. Convenience sampling method was used. The point estimate was calculated at a 95% Confidence Interval. Results: Among 6984 children, the prevalence of cerebral palsy was 545 (7.80%) (7.17-8.43, 95% Confidence Interval). The most common type of cerebral palsy was found to be spastic diplegia 219 (40.18%). Conclusions: The prevalence of cerebral palsy among children visiting the Outpatient Department of Pediatric Orthopaedic was found to be higher than in other studies done in similar settings.Publication Complete Correction following Temporary Hemiepiphysiodesis using 2-hole Reconstruction Plates among Skeletally Immature Patients with Angular Deformities around Knees: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study(Nepal Medical Association, 2024) Rajbhandary, Tarun Kumar; Regmi, Subhash; Gurung, Yam Prakash; Banskota, Bibek; Barnawal, Satish Prasad; Banskota, Ashok KumarAbstract Introduction: Studies have shown that 2-hole reconstruction plates can be used effectively as tension band plates for temporary hemiepiphysiodesis. However, limited data is available regarding the effectiveness of such plates in terms of complete correction rates. This study was aimed to find out the prevalence of complete correction following temporary hemiepiphysiodesis using 2-hole reconstruction plates among skeletally immature patients with angular deformities around knees. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among skeletally immature patients with angular deformities around knees undergoing temporary hemiepiphysiodesis after getting approval from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: B&BIRC-23-05). The data were collected between 1 January 2012 to 31 December 2018. All skeletally immature patients with angular deformities around knees undergoing temporary hemiepiphysiodesis using 2-hole reconstruction plates were included. Patients who required additional procedures or implants for deformity correction and those who did not provide consent were excluded. Convenience sampling method was used. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated. Results: Among 102 patients, 66 (64.70%) patients achieved complete correction (59.97-69.43 at 95% Confidence Interval). Mean age of the patients was 8.21±3.11 years and 43 (65.15%) were males and 23 (34.84%) were females. Conclusions: The prevalence of complete correction following temporary hemiepiphysiodesis using 2-hole reconstruction plate among skeletally immature patients with angular deformities around knees was lower than that reported in other international studies.Publication Contextual Adaptation, Translation, and Validation of the Affiliate Stigma Scale (ASS) among Primary Caregivers of Children with Physical Disabilities in Nepal: An Observational Study(Nepal Medical Association, 2025) Banskota, Bibek; Bhatta, Deepa; Bhusal, Rajan; Yadav, Prakash Kumar; Banskota, Ashok KumarAbstract Introduction: The experience of affiliate stigma can cause psychosocial problems among caregivers of children with physical disabilities, seriously affecting children’s care and rehabilitation. To measure this stigma, we aimed to adapt and validate the widely accepted Affiliate Stigma Scale in the Nepali language. Methods: This study was conducted among 220 primary caregivers of children with physical disabilities, who presented at the Hospital and Rehabilitation Centre for Disabled Children, Nepal, from April to June 2024. The original tool was adapted, translated, followed by experts’ reviews, and pretesting. The final Nepali version was then administered among conveniently selected participants through face-to-face interviews. Data analyses comprised different parts, including item analysis, reliability, validity analysis, and Exploratory Factor Analysis, performed using SPSS version 16. Results: Item analyses revealed strong item-total correlations (r=0.31-0.76) for all 21 items except A3 (r=0.23). Critical Ratios indicated high discriminative power (CRs>3.0) for all items. The reliability test showed a strong Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (0.91), and odd-even split-half reliability (0.83 and 0.80). The tool exhibits high convergent validity (r=-0.33, p<0.001). Moreover, exploratory factor analysis results supported the three-factor structure of the original scale, though some issues were identified: item A3 not loading onto any of the three factors, some cross-loadings, and items from different domains grouping together. Conclusions: Despite having the problematic structure of the scale, it was still found highly reliable and valid in measuring affiliate stigma among the study population.Publication High Dependency Unit Admissions among Patients with Lower Extremity Long Bone Fracture Visiting the Department of Orthopaedics in a Tertiary Care Centre(Nepal Medical Association, 2024) Barnawal, Satish Prasad; Banskota, Bibek; Pandey, Nitesh Raj; Rijal, Saroj; Rajbhandari, Tarun; Regmi, Subhash; Banskota, Ashok KumarAbstract Introduction: Lower extremity long bone, femoral and tibial shaft, fractures often have associated injuries. Patients with lower extremity long bone fractures in the Department of Orthopaedics can land up in high dependency unit admissions, mostly due to underlying complications. The study aimed to find out the prevalence of high dependency unit admissions among patients with lower extremity long bone fractures visiting the Department of Orthopaedics in a tertiary care centre. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among patients with lower extremity long bone fractures in a tertiary care centre. The data from 1 March 2017 to 31 January 2020 was collected from the medical records from 1 August 2020 to 30 September 2020. All patients with femoral or tibial shaft fractures in isolation or a part of a multi-system injury were included. Patients with inadequate data were excluded. A convenience sampling method was used. The point estimate was calculated at a 95% Confidence Interval. Results: Among 507 patients with lower extremity long bone fractures, 137 (27.55%) (23.66-31.44, 95% Confidence Interval) required high dependency unit admission. Among them, 119 (86.86%) were males. A total of 71 (51.82%) cases involved 2-wheelers. Conclusions: The prevalence of high dependency unit admission among patients with lower extremity long bone fractures was high and majority of them required multidisciplinary approach.Publication High Dependency Unit Admissions among Patients with Lower Extremity Long Bone Fracture Visiting the Department of Orthopaedics in a Tertiary Care Centre(Nepal Medical Association, 2024) Barnawal, Satish Prasad; Banskota, Bibek; Pandey, Nitesh Raj; Rijal, Saroj; Rajbhandari, Tarun; Regmi, Subhash; Banskota, Ashok KumarAbstract Introduction: Lower extremity long bone, femoral and tibial shaft, fractures often have associated injuries. Patients with lower extremity long bone fractures in the Department of Orthopaedics can land up in high dependency unit admissions, mostly due to underlying complications. The study aimed to find out the prevalence of high dependency unit admissions among patients with lower extremity long bone fractures visiting the Department of Orthopaedics in a tertiary care centre. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among patients with lower extremity long bone fractures in a tertiary care centre. The data from 1 March 2017 to 31 January 2020 was collected from the medical records from 1 August 2020 to 30 September 2020. All patients with femoral or tibial shaft fractures in isolation or a part of a multi-system injury were included. Patients with inadequate data were excluded. A convenience sampling method was used. The point estimate was calculated at a 95% Confidence Interval. Results: Among 507 patients with lower extremity long bone fractures, 137 (27.55%) (23.66-31.44, 95% Confidence Interval) required high dependency unit admission. Among them, 119 (86.86%) were males. A total of 71 (51.82%) cases involved 2-wheelers. Conclusions: The prevalence of high dependency unit admission among patients with lower extremity long bone fractures was high and majority of them required multidisciplinary approach.Publication Hip-Spine Discordance in Bone Mineral Densities in Patients Undergoing Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Scan in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study(Nepal Medical Association, 2023) Chaudhary, Rajesh Kumar; Regmi, Subhash; Shah, Niraj; Banskota, Bibek; Barakoti, Ram Krishna; Banskota, Ashok KumarAbstract Introduction: The discordance in the diagnosis of osteoporosis is characterized by the variation in bone mineral density measurements at different skeletal sites. The presence of discordance significantly alters the treatment plan as different treatment is required for different skeletal sites. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of hip-spine discordance in bone mineral densities in patients undergoing dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scans for suspected osteoporosis. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among patients undergoing dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scans from 1 December 2020 to 30 October 2022. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: IRC-2020-11-18-08). Patients undergoing dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scans for suspected osteoporosis were included. Patients aged less than 50 years, already diagnosed and under treatment for osteoporosis, and incomplete information about T-scores of hips and spine were excluded. Convenience sampling method was used. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated. Results: Among 1028 patients, 602 (58.56%) (55.55-61.57, 95% Confidence Interval) had discordance in hip and spine bone mineral densities. The majority of them, 570 (94.68%) were female and 32 (5.71%) were male. Major discordance was observed in 101 (16.77%) patients and minor discordance was observed in 501 (83.22%) patients. Conclusions: The prevalence of discordance in hip and spine bone mineral densities in patients undergoing dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scans was higher than that reported in other similar studies done in similar settings.