Browsing by Author "Bastola, Sheeksha"
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Publication Hypertensive Retinopathy among Patients with Hypertension Attending the Department of Ophthalmology in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study(Nepal Medical Association, 2023) Bastola, Pradeep; Bastola, SheekshaAbstract Introduction: Hypertension is one of the major cardiovascular diseases leading to disability or death. Persistently elevated blood pressure leads to retinal vascular changes, also known as hypertensive retinopathy. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of hypertensive retinopathy among patients with hypertension attending the Department of Ophthalmology in a tertiary care centre. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among hypertensives patients presenting to the Department of Ophthalmology in a tertiary care centre from 1 June 2022 to 1 February 2023 after receiving ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: CMC-IRC 078/079-228). Those patients who did not provide informed consent and patients with chronic debilitating systemic conditions, patients encountered in emergency wards, and hypertensive patients below 15 years of age and above 75 years of age were excluded from the study. Convenience sampling was done. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated. Results: Among 336 study participants, hypertensive retinopathy was found in 66 (19.64%) (15.39-23.89, 95% Confidence Interval) study subjects in at least one eye. Conclusions: The prevalence of hypertensive retinopathy was lower in our study when compared to other studies.Publication Retinopathy of Prematurity among Preterm Newborn Admitted to the Neonatal Care Unit in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study(Nepal Medical Association, 2023) Bastola, Pradeep; Parchand, Swapnil Madhukar; Gangwe, Anil Babanrao; Bastola, Sheeksha; Agrawal, DeepshikhaAbstract Introduction: World Health Organization has identified retinopathy of prematurity as an important cause of preventable childhood blindness. The presentation of retinopathy of prematurity is varied and differs in the developed and developing worlds. The study aimed to find out the prevalence of retinopathy of prematurity among preterm newborn admitted to the Neonatal Care Unit in a tertiary care centre. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among preterm newborn admitted to the Neonatal Care Unit after receiving ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: IEC/MGMEI/I/2021/66). The study was conducted from 15 December 2021 to 17 February 2022. Basic demographic data, risk factors, clinical characteristics, and prevalence of retinopathy of prematurity were noted. Convenience sampling was done. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated. Results: Among 204 participants, retinopathy of prematurity was found in 118 (57.84%) (51.06-64.62, 95% Confidence Interval) in at least one eye. Early treatment retinopathy of prematurity type 2 in 82 (69.49%) was the commonest one severity-wise. Supplemental oxygen was given to 118 (100%) cases, and low birth weight was present in 109 (92.37%) cases. Conclusions: The prevalence of retinopathy of prematurity was found to be higher in other similar studies done in similar settings. The screening and treatment for the retinopathy of prematurity require a dedicated trained team of ophthalmologists, vitreo-retina specialists, paediatricians, and neonatologists with well-developed facilities for retinopathy of prematurity clinics.