Browsing by Author "Bhatta, NK"
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Publication Asthma symptomatics school children of Sonapur(Kathmandu University, 2007) Pokharel, PK; Pokharel, P; Bhatta, NK; Pandey, RM; Erkki, KAbstract Background: Bronchial asthma is one of the most common illnesses in children. Factors influencing development of asthma have not been studied in rural population. Materials and methods: Two thousand school-going children from three schools of Sonapur VDC, Sunsari in the surrounding of industries were screened for the presence of symptoms of asthma using a questionnaire suggested by International Study of Asthma and Allergy in Children (ISSAC). Results: One hundred twenty children were identified with symptoms of bronchial asthma. For each child with asthma two age and sex matched non-asthmatic control were selected from the study population. History, clinical examination and in-depth interview were carried out for all cases and controls. Factors associated with presence of symptoms of asthma on multivariate analysis were: passive smoking (OR 3.33, 95% CI 1.85-7.65), pets at home (OR 5.5, 95% CI 1.04-29.15), and absence of windows in living rooms (OR 4.03, 95% CI 1.17- 13.79). Factors such as family history of asthma, history of worm infestation, fuel used for cooking, location of kitchen and food allergy were not significant in statistical analysis. Conclusion: Thus, passive smoking, inadequate ventilation and domestic animals and pets (dogs and cats) at home are significant risk factors associated with presence of symptoms of asthma in these children. Key words: asthma; risk factors; passive smoking; domestic animals and pets; cross ventilation; childhood asthmaPublication Cytogenetic analysis of children with suspected genetic disorder(Kathmandu University, 2009) Shrestha, U; Bhattacharya, S; Bhatta, NK; Jha, CBAbstract Objectives: To analyze chromosomes in children with suspected genetic disorder and to categorize the chromosomal basis of genetic disorder Materials and methods: Thirty children were selected from the patients attending genetic clinic, Department of Pediatrics, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences presenting with dysmorphic feature, mental retardation, short stature, congenital malformations and ambiguous genitalia with age between 0-15 years. Cytogenetic analysis was carried using standard peripheral blood lymphocyte culture method and G-banding technique in Cytogenetic laboratory of Department of Anatomy, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences. Results: Chromosomal disorders were identified in 33.34% (10) of children. The most common chromosomal abnormality was Down syndrome (26.67%) followed by Turner syndrome (6.67%). Conclusion: The cytogenetic analysis of children with suspected chromosomal aberration is important to uncover the contribution of chromosomal disorder in genesis of dysmorphisms, mental retardation, short stature, sexual ambiguity and congenital malformation in children and prevent further potentially unpleasant investigation being undertaken. Key words: Chromosome, suspected genetic disorder, dysmorphic feature, mental retardation, short stature, congenital malformations, ambiguous genitaliaPublication Risk of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in babies born to ‘O’ positive mothers: A prospective cohort study(Kathmandu University, 2009) Kalakheti, BK; Singh, R; Bhatta, NK; Karki, A; Baral, NAbstract Introduction: Hyperbilirubinemia in a neonate is one of the most common problems that may occur in 60-70 % of term and 80% of preterm babies. It is known to be associated with significant morbidity like neonatal bilirubin encephalopathy and even death. Clinically, and almost exclusively ABO incompatibility occur in ‘A’ and ‘B’ blood group babies of O ‘+ve’ mothers. These babies are reported to be at high risk of severe hyperbilirubinemia (serum bilirubin level more than 16 mg/dl). Objectives: To find out the incidence of hyperbilirubinemia in babies born to ‘O’ positive mothers. To estimate the risk of ABO incompatibility in babies born to ‘O’ positive mothers. Materials and methods: A prospective cohort study conducted in B. P. Koirala institute of Health Science (Department of Pediatrics and Dept. of Gynae and Obstetric) from July 2002 to June 2003. A total of 199 women having ‘O’ positive blood group admitted to the Department of Gynae and Obstetric were included in the study. A piloted proforma was used to collect information. The blood group of neonates was tested by tile and slide method and serum bilirubin was estimated by diazo method in the Central Laboratory Services and Emergency laboratory of BPKIHS. The data was observed and analysis was carried out using statistical software SPSS-10. Results: Total 37 (18.5%) babies had developed hyperbilirubinemia and among them 14 (38%) were from group of babies having ‘O’ Positive blood group and 23 (62%) were from group of babies having other than ‘O’ Positive blood group. There was 2.6 times higher chance of having hyperbilirubinemia in the babies with ABO incompatibility than ‘O’ Positive babies after adjusting other significant variables. Conclusion: Among different significantly associated variables, ABO incompatibility was found to be a major risk factor for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.It was seen that neonate with ABO incompatibility had two times higher chances of having hyperbilirubinemia than those babies with O ‘+ve’ blood group. This finding in BPKIHS suggests that there is a need of screening cord blood bilirubin and continuous monitoring of bilirubin level in the hospital especially among ABO incompatible neonates. Key words: Hyperbilirubinemia, Neonatal Jaundice, ABO-incompatibility