Browsing by Author "Bhattarai, Dipesh"
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Publication Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics of Patients with Mono and Coinfection of Dengue and Scrub typhus(Nepal Health Research Council, 2023) Banstola, Hemanta; Shrestha, Tirtha Man; Bhattarai, Dipesh; Ghimire, Manoj; Chhetri, Surendra BahadurAbstract Background: Dengue is a neglected tropical disease, and Scrub typhus is an emerging tropical illness in Nepal. Coinfection between them is found in literature and clinical practice. The objective of this study is to describe and compare the demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of patients with mono and coinfection of Dengue and Scrub typhus. Methods: This was a single-center hospital-based retrospective study, performed at Beni District Hospital, Nepal. The patient who was diagnosed with mono and coinfection of Dengue and Scrub typhus from 1st January 2020 to 16th September 2020 were included. Data regarding demographic characteristics, symptoms, signs, and laboratory parameters were collected and analyzed. Results: In 53 patients who fall under the inclusion criteria of our study, 12 patients had coinfection with dengue and Scrub typhus with headache being the most common symptom regardless of mono or coinfection followed by myalgia and arthralgia. Total platelet counts at the time of admission were lower in the coinfection group with increasing thrombocytopenia during the disease course in comparison to mono-infection. The maximum temperature recorded, elevation in hepatic enzymes, and duration of defervescence were more in the coinfection group in comparison to dengue and scrub mono-infection. Conclusions: Mono and coinfection of Dengue, Scrub typhus present with common clinical symptoms, laboratory findings. With limited resources for screening and diagnosis, clinical prediction based on symptoms alone or together with lab parameters is difficult which is further difficult in the presence of Co-infection. Keywords: Clinical; coinfection; dengue; laboratory parameter; scrub typhusPublication Clinico Socio-Demographic Profile of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder from a Mental Health Clinic in Nepal: An Observational Study(Nepal Medical Association, 2025) Karki, Utkarsh; Jha, Amit; Parajuli, Samjhana; Sharma, Anil; Gurung, Bhupendra; Bhattarai, DipeshAbstract Introduction: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with symptoms manifesting in early childhood. There is limited information regarding the clinical scenario of ASD within Nepal. The study aims to determine the clinical and socio-demographic profile and evaluate the association between clinical and socio-demographic parameters in children with ASD. Methods: This was an observational cross-section study which examined the records of children diagnosed with ASD at a Mental Health Clinic in Nepal. Approval for the study was granted by NHRC. The analysis focused on data extracted from clinic records of ASD patients spanning from 16 September 2022 to 15 March 2024 encompassing one and a half years. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 16.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Ill., USA). Results:A total of 138 children were diagnosed with ASD, with a mean age of diagnosis at 42.94 ±17.49 months.Among the participants, there were 110 (79.69%) male, 105 (76.01%) first born with a male to female ratio of 3.9:1 and 114 (82.59% ) were going to regular school. Parents' 39 (28.29%) and relatives' 25 (18.01%) concerns were the primary reasons for seeking a diagnosis followed by referrals from pediatricians 19 (13.79%). The mean Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) score of 34.33±3.99 was indicative of mild to moderate symptoms of ASD. The mean Vineland Social Maturity Scale (VSMS) score of 69.02±13.25 was indicative of mild impairment in socio-adaptive functioning. Conclusions: The study shows higher rate of ASD among males and first-born children. Early age at diagnosis is encouraging and is associated with better outcomes.