Browsing by Author "Budhathoki, SS"
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Publication Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Regarding Environmental Tobacco Smoke among Pregnant Women of Sunsari(Kathmandu University, 2018) Khanal, VK; Budhathoki, SS; Nath, M; Tamrakar, D; Pokharel, HP; Shrestha, A; Pokharel, PKABSTRACT Background Second hand tobacco smoke or Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS), contains toxic substances and carcinogens that cause serious health effects in humans. Studies show that ETS exposure during pregnancy is injurious to the mother-infant pair with long term consequences. Limited studies are found in context of ETS in pregnancy in Nepal. Objective To explore the knowledge about harmful effect of ETS exposure in pregnant women and to know the behavior of avoidance from exposure to ETS during pregnancy. Method A cross sectional study was conducted among 303 pregnant women attending antenatal clinics at the District Hospital Inaruwa and BPKIHS Dharan. A pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data regarding socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitude and practice regarding Environmental tobacco smoke. Data was entered in Excel and analyzed in SPSS 11.5. Result The mean age of the respondents was 23.86±4.68 years. The proportion of primi- gravida was 53.5% and multi-gravida was 46.5%. Among the respondents, 14% were illiterate and 91% were unemployed. A similar proportion of the husbands (12%) were illiterate. Three-fourth (75%) of the respondents lived in joint family. It was found that 86% of their husbands were smokers. There were 61% of pregnant women who had heard about ETS, mainly through television (35%) and radio (30%). There was 86% of the households who had initiated some measures to prevent smoking inside the house. Conclusion The pregnant women in this study are aware about ETS. However a significant number of them believe that ETS is not harmful compared to active smoking. There is a need for further studies to identify interventions to avoid ETS exposure among the pregnant women. KEY WORDS Knowledge attitude practice, Environmental tobacco smoke in Nepal, Pregnant womenPublication Teaching District Concept of BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences: An Inter-disciplinary Community Based Medical Education and Health Service Delivery Model in Rural Nepal(Kathmandu University, 2016) Pokharel, PK; Budhathoki, SS; Upadhyay, MPABSTRACT Community based education trains health professional students to deal with the community health problems. The attitude and skills they gain as planners for health care provision are applicable in both hospital and community settings. B P Koirala Institute of Health Sciences has implemented a model of Community based education which encompasses the health institutions, organisations and the communities of the sixteen districts in eastern Nepal and refers to this concept as the ‘Teaching District” concept of B P Koirala Institute of Health Sciences. This paper seeks to describe the concept and its implementation. Almost 20 years have passed since first initiated; and pending a comprehensive evaluation, this concept has gathered a great deal of experience to serve as a model for partnership between academic health sciences institutions with the district health system of Nepal. KEY WORDS BPKIHS, community medicine, social accountability of medical schools, teaching district, undergraduate medical education