Browsing by Author "Chaudhary, Navin Kumar"
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Publication Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections at a Tertiary Health Care Center in Nepal: An Observational Study(Nepal Medical Association, 2025) Konwar, Dimpi; Chaudhary, Navin Kumar; Yadav, PoonamAbstract Introduction: Carbapenems are last-resort antibiotics and are considered the drugs of choice for infections caused by multi-drug-resistant bacteria. During the last several years, there has been an alarming global increase in the detection and spread of Carbapenem-resistant organisms among gram-negative bacteria. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to determine Carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacterial infections. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed. Ethical approval was granted by the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: CMC-IRC/080/081-071). A total of 3149 non-repeated, different clinical specimens were collected, from November 2023 to February 2024, processed aseptically under the standard protocol of the American Society for Microbiology (ASM), and screened according to the Antibiotic sensitivity pattern. The analysis of the results was performed using Microsoft Excel and manual calculations. Results: Out of 3149 samples, 361 had culture-positive. Among 361 isolates, 316 were Gram-negative bacteria, among the specimens, 83 (26.26%) were identified as Carbapenem-resistant gram negative bacteria. Within this group, Acinetobacter baumannii was present in 37 (44.57%) cases, followed by Escherichia coli with 20 (24.09%), Klebsiella pneumoniae with 19 (22.89%), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia with 3 (4.81%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella aerogenes, each with 2 (2.40%) cases. The most effective antibiotics against Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae included Colistin and Fosfomycin, whereas Carbapenem-resistant non-fermenter included Colistin and Tigecycline. Conclusions: Among Carbapenem-resistant Organisms, Acinetobacter baumannii was most prevalent. The results revealed a significant proportion of infections resistant to commonly used antibiotics, highlighting an alarming trend in antibiotic resistance.Publication Microbial Spectrum of Complete Denture Wearer in Old Age People of Chitwan(Nepal Health Research Council, 2023) Chaulagain, Rajib; Thakur, Smriti Narayan; Khanal, Bibek; Sapkota, Srijana Mishra; Chaudhary, Navin KumarAbstract Background: Human oral cavity contains many microorganisms, the habitat of which may be changed by complete denture among edentulous people. The complete dentures favor aggregation of microorganism. The aim of this study was to identify the microorganisms present in the complete dentures of old age people of Chitwan and assess the sensitivity pattern of the microorganisms to the common antibiotics. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Chitwan Medical College, Chitwan, Nepal among 45 old age people who have been wearing dentures above one year. The duration of the study was from 18th Nov 2021 to 12th May 2022. Swab was taken from the polished and tissue surfaces of both maxillary and mandibular dentures in the Department of Prosthodontics while the laboratory-based experiments were conducted in the Department of Microbiology. Antibiotic sensitivity was also done. The data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 16.0. Descriptive statistics were used. The data was presented in form of frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation. Results: Streptococcus spp. was predominant microorganism followed by Coagulase-negative Staphylococci and Staphylococcus aureus. The highest sensitivity pattern was observed to Amikacin, Nalidixic acid and Ciprofloxacin while the most resistant antibiotics were Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and Cefixime. Escherichia coli was sensitive to all the tested antibiotics. Conclusions: In this study, Streptococcus spp. followed by Coagulase-negative Staphylococci and Staphylococcus aureus were the most frequently identified microorganisms from the dentures of old age people. Amikacin, Nalidixic acid and Ciprofloxacin were highly sensitive among the people of old age. Keywords: Antibiotic sensitivity; complete denture; microorganisms