Browsing by Author "Dawadi, Bishwa Raj"
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Publication Dyslipidemia among Pilots visiting a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study(Nepal Medical Association, 2023) Dawadi, Bishwa Raj; Pokharel, KhilasaAbstract Introduction: Dyslipidemia is the imbalance of various lipids in our body like cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein. It has been established as a major factor associated with cardiovascular disease. The aim of our study was to find out the prevalence of dyslipidemia among pilots visiting a tertiary care centre. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the family medicine department of Grande International Hospital, Dhapasi, Kathmandu from 1 May 2022 to 30 July 2022 (Reference number: 08/2022). Seventy pilots were included in this study. Lipid profiles like total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were measured. Results: Among 70 pilots, only 2 (2.85%) (0-6.12, 90% Confidence Interval) had dyslipidemia with an increased level of triglycerides. Dyslipidemia was seen among pilots 41 to 60 years. Conclusions: Dyslipidemia among pilots was lower than in other studies done in similar settings.Publication Role of Biofilm in Bacterial Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance(Nepal Medical Association, 2022) Pokharel, Khilasa; Dawadi, Bishwa Raj; Shrestha, Lok BahadurAbstract Biofilm refers to the complex, sessile communities of microbes found either attached to a surface or buried firmly in an extracellular matrix as aggregates. Microbial flora which produces biofilm manifests an altered growth rate and transcribes genes that provide them resistance to antimicrobial and host immune systems. Biofilms protect the invading bacteria against the immune system of the host via impaired activation of phagocytes and the complement system. Biofilm-producing isolates showed greater multidrug resistance than non-biofilm producers. Biofilm causes antibiotic resistance through processes like chromosomally encoded resistant genes, restriction of antibiotics, reduction of growth rate, and host immunity. Biofilm formation is responsible for the development of superbugs like methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and metallo-beta-lactamase producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Regular monitoring of antimicrobial resistance and maintaining hygiene, especially in hospitalized patients are required to control biofilm-related infections in order to prevent antimicrobial resistance.