Browsing by Author "Gauchan, P"
Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Publication A Perspective Study on the Etiology of Diarrhea in Children Less than 12 Years of age attending Kanti Children’s Hospital(Nepal Paediatric Society (JNPS), 2009) Pokharel, M; Sherchand, JB; Upreti, HC; Katuwal, A; Gauchan, PAbstract: Introduction: Diarrhea is the most common illness among children causing highest number of mortality and morbidity in the developing countries. Objective: This study was conducted to determine the etiological agents of diarrhea in children less than 12 years of age. Methods: The study was carried out in Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Health Research Laboratory and stool specimen were collected from Kanti Children's Hospital between February 2007 and August 2007. The specimens were processed by standard microbiological methods, serological diagnosis for the complete identification of bacterial isolate and use of Rotaclone for diagnosis for Rotavirus. Results: A total 500 specimen were processed and 312 (62.4%) cases were identified with enteropathogens. Out of 500, 165 (33%) showed significant bacterial growth, 110 (22%) single or multiple parasitic infestation, and 167 (21.4%) Rotavirus. Among the bacterial isolate, Escherichia. coli (20.2%) were highest in number, Entamoeba. histolytica (10%), among the protozoa and Ascaris lumbricoide (1.4%) among the helminth. Age group 0-2 years showed most number of cases. The prevalence of Rotavirus infection was more in Inpatient (65.4%) than Outpatient (34.6%) (P>0.05). Ethnicgroup wise distribution showed that Gurung/Magar/ Rai/Tamang were highly infected (34.6%) (P>0.05). Conclusion: The results showed that bacteria were the major etiological agents of diarrhea in children than parasites and Rotavirus. E. coli among the bacteria, E. histolytica among the parasite and Rotavirus constituted the major causative agents identified. The age group 0-2years was the most vulnerable group where most of the enteropathogens were detected.Publication Anticipating rotavirus vaccine introduction in the national immunization programme in Nepal(Institute of Medicine, 2017) Gauchan, P; Nakagomi, T; Nakagomi, ONA.Publication Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and serotyping of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from Kanti Children Hospital in Nepal(Kathmandu University, 2010) Rijal, B; Tandukar, S; Adhikari, R; Tuladhar, NR; Sharma, PR; Pokharel, BM; Gami, FC; Shah, A; Sharma, A; Gauchan, P; Sherchand, JB; Burlakoti, T; Upreti, HC; Lalitha, MK; Thomas, K; Steinhoff, MAbstract Background: Invasive pneumococcal disease is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and it is a major cause for childhood deaths in Nepal. Objectives: The aim of this study was to establish the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Streptococcus pneumoniae and perform serotype responsible for pneumococcal disease in Nepal. Materials and methods: All together 3774 children from 2 to 60 months who fulfilled the enrollment criteria for suspect of bacterial pneumonia, sepsis or meningitis were enrolled for etiologic studies of severe illness. During the study period 60 isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae were isolated and the antimicrobial susceptibility testing and serotyping were performed. Results: The study showed that 24 (52.17%) isolates were resistant to Cotrimoxazole, 3 (6.5%) isolates were intermediately resistant to Penicillin but no Penicillin resistant strains were isolated. The 1 (2.17%) isolate was recorded as Erythromycin and Chloramphenicol resistant and only 1 (2.17%) isolate was found intermediately resistant to Cefotaxime. Of the 60 isolates, serotyping result was available only for 46 isolates. The most common serotypes were serotype 1 (27. 65%) followed by serotype 5 (19.14%) and serotype 4 (8. 5%) respectively followed by serotype 39, 23F, 7F, 19B, 12A, 14, 18F, 6B, 32, 16, 19F and 25F. Conclusions: Alarming level of Cotrimoxazole resistance demands revision of pneumonia treatment policy in Nepal and rising tendency of other drug resistance against Streptococcus pneumoniae showed use of these drugs for the treatment of meningitis, pneumonia and other serious infections needs extended research. The common serotype 1, 5 and 4 need to be incorporated in pneumococcal vaccine to immunise children in Nepal. Key words: Antimicrobial susceptibility, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Serotyping, NepalPublication Bacterial Involvement in Causing Lower Resperatory Tract Infection in Adults Visiting Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital and their Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern(Nepal Health Research Council, 2005) Sherchand, J B; Gauchan, P; Lekhak, BPublication Distribution of Serotypes and Antimicrobial Resistance of Streptococcus Pneumoniae in a Children's Hospital in Nepal(Nepal Paediatric Society (JNPS), 2008) Sherchand, JB; Joshi, AR; Gauchan, P; Amatya, JPublication Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitosis Infection in Malnutrition among Children in Rural Community of Sarlahi, Nepal(Nepal Health Research Council, 2004) B C, R K; Malla, B; Sherchand, J B; Ghimire, P; Gauchan, P