Browsing by Author "Gautam, K"
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Publication Assessment of Obesity Indices in Predicting Hyperglycemia in Adults of Duwakot, Bhaktapur(Kathmandu University, 2025) Khakurel, G; Gautam, K; Karki, PK; Chalise, SABSTRACT Background Obesity is a major risk factor for metabolic disorders, including hyperglycemia, which is a precursor to diabetes. Various obesity indices, such as Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist Circumference (WC) and Waist-to-Height Ratio (WHtR), are used to assess adiposity. Objective To evaluate and compare the effectiveness of obesity indices in predicting hyperglycemia among adults in Duwakot, Bhaktapur. Method This was a cross-sectional study conducted among 128 adults visiting Kathmandu Medical College Public Limited, Duwakot from August 2024 to January 2025. Anthropometric measurements (BMI, WC and WHtR) were recorded, and fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels were measured to define hyperglycemia (FBG ≥ 126 mg/ dL). Pearson correlation was used to evaluate the relationship between obesity indices and FBG levels, while an independent t-test compared the mean values between males and females. The predictive ability of obesity indices was assessed using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and the area under the curve (AUC) and optimal cut-off values were determined. Values of p≤0.05 were considered statistically significant. Result The prevalence of hyperglycemia among the participants was 17.2 %. Pearson correlation analysis showed that FBG was significantly correlated with WC (Male: r = 0.233, p < 0.05; Female: r = 0.459, p < 0.05), and WHtR (Male: r = 0.227, p < 0.05; Female: r = 0.482, p < 0.05). Independent t-test analysis revealed a statistically significant difference in WC (p = 0.025) and WHtR (p = 0.014), with males having higher WC and females having higher WHtR. However, BMI (p = 0.179) did not show a significant difference between the two groups. ROC curve analysis revealed that WHtR had the highest AUC (Male:0.607, Female:0.721), followed by WC and BMI. Conclusion This study found that WHtR was the strongest predictor of hyperglycemia, followed by WC, and BMI. WHtR could be an effective screening tool for early hyperglycemia detection in community settings. KEY WORDS Hyperglycemia, Predictive value, Obesity indicesPublication Perceptions and Attitudes towards Evidence Based Practice among Nurses and Nursing Students in Nepal(Kathmandu University, 2015) Karki, S; Acharya, R; Budhwani, H; Shrestha, P; Chalise, P; Shrestha, U; Gautam, K; Wilson, LABSTRACT Background As the evidence based practice (EBP) movement expands, there is a need for health leaders and educators in each country to assess the extent to which health professional students and practitioners are prepared to locate, evaluate, and apply evidence to guide their practice. Objective The study objective was to explore nurses’ and nursing students’ perceptions and attitudes towards EBP. Method This was a descriptive cross-sectional survey administered to all 273 nurses and nursing students from Nepal who attended an EBP conference. The survey instrument that was used by Majid in Singapore was adapted for use in this study with permission from the author. Result In total, 121 nurses participated in the study. The majority (93%) of respondents reported that they had no previous training in EBP. The respondents’ perceptions of their EBP knowledge and skills were variable, but most of them demonstrated positive attitudes toward EBP. Respondents identified a number of barriers that limit the implementation of EBP in Nepal. The greatest barriers were lack of time and resources, difficulty understanding research articles and translating the findings to practice, and limited autonomy to change practice based on evidence. Conclusion Although respondents had positive attitudes towards EBP, their knowledge and skills were limited and barriers to implementation existed. Nursing faculty can use the findings to guide implementation of EBP into curricula, and nursing administrators and clinicians can use the findings to guide practice to promote EBP. KEY WORDS Evidence-based nursing, evidence-based practice, nursing research