Browsing by Author "Gautam, Naveen"
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Publication Knowledge Regarding Antibiotic Use, its Resistance and Consequences among Higher Secondary Students in Private Schools of Kathmandu Valley(Institute of Medicine, 2019) Deo, Satish K; Gautam, Naveen; Gyawali, Siddinath; Shrestha, Deepti; Yadav, ShikhaABSTRACT Introduction The lack of awareness on the appropriate use of antibiotics, its dose and duration is one of the leading causes of global antimicrobial resistance (AMR). AMR poses a growing threat to public health, as infections from resistant strains of microbes become increasingly difficult to treat, resulting in prolonged illness and greater risk of death. Hence, this study would be an important reference for determining the scope of the problem which will be essential for formulating and monitoring an effective response to antibiotic use and its problem of resistance. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was done among higher secondary level students from selected schools in Kathmandu valley. Baseline data was collected after a tutorial session through semi-structured questionnaires which was based on past researches and verified using expert consultation. Ethical consideration was maintained throughout the study. Descriptive statistics was used to find out the KAP level including knowledge score and attitude-practice score of the selected population. Results Among 465 participants conducted in our research, the overall average knowledge score of the participants was found to be 73.3% while the attitude-practice score was 60.53%. It was found that 80.86% of the participants had heard the term “antibiotic resistance”. The knowledge score percentage among the students of grade 10 and 11 had no significant difference (p value= 0.592). Conclusion Our study concludes that if topics like antibiotics and their judicial use is well covered in school curriculum, it can produce measurable change in knowledge, attitude and practice level of the students. Keywords: Attitude, antibiotics, antimicrobial resistance, knowledge, practicePublication Pattern of Blood Products Consumption in a Teaching Hospital(Nepal Health Research Council, 2024) Shrestha, Lava; Gurung, Numaya; Mahotra, Narayan Bahadur; Pradhan, Sait; Ghimire, Ananda; Pokhrel, Kailash Mani; Khanal, Kapil; Dhungana, Reechashree; Gautam, Naveen; Kandel, Sabita; Chaudhary, SonamBackground: Blood transfusions are lifesaving, but resource limitations and inadequate utilization patterns pose challenges in low- and middle-income countries. In Nepal, detailed analyses of blood use practices, are needed to inform resource allocation and policy decisions. The objective of this study was to study the overall and component-specific use, explore temporal trends in utilization of blood and blood products. Methods: We conducted an observational study analyzing data from Blood Bank of Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital (TUTH), a tertiary hospital (January 1st - December 31st, 2019). Data included patient demographics, blood groups, blood products requested and transfused, and facility type. Data analysis was conducted with SPSS v20. Results: Patients from TUTH had substantially higher blood product requests, requesting 25,716 units compared to only 1855 units across other centers combined. Blood groups A positive (8089, 31.4%) and and O positive (7851, 30.6%) were the most requested blood groups. Whole blood (11358, 44.2%) and packed red blood cells (9565, 37.2%) were most frequently requested. We observed monthly fluctuations in demand with peak of 2742 requests in December with a trough in June (1947 units). Notably, only approximately 46% of blood products requested from patients admitted to TUTH were ultimately transfused. Conclusions: Whole blood and packed red blood cells were the most frequently requested blood products. Eventhough whole blood was the most frequently requested blood product, the most transfused one was packed red cells. Peak demand was observed in December. Our study provides valuable insights into blood utilization patterns, underscoring the need for specific strategies to improve blood transfusion management practices. Keywords: Blood banking; blood transfusion; blood utilization; LMICs. Nepal.