Browsing by Author "Gupta, Pradeep Kumar"
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Publication Retinopathy of Prematurity: Incidence, Risk Factors & Outcome in North Indian Rural and Semi-urban population(Nepal Paediatric Society (JNPS), 2022) Parihar, Kamal; Gupta, Pradeep Kumar; Singh, Vandana; Sharma, SanjayAbstract: Introduction: ROP is a challenge due to better premature survival. It has an increasing trend and is a preventable cause of vision loss. Its occurrence, severity and outcome in rural population is poorly studied. Methods: Ahospital based prospective observational longitudinal study was conducted on babies born at a tertiary care centre. Babies with gestation <32 weeks or birth weight < 1500 g were screened for ROP. Preterm babies of >32 weeks gestation with oxygen requirement, RDS, surfactant use, PDA, neonatal hyperbilirubinemia requiring phototherapy, septicemia, red cell transfusion due to anemia, need for inotropes were also included. Babies with ROP were assessed for severity as also need for intervention and were followed for12 months. Results: Of the 211 neonates screened, 51 had ROP. Frequency was inversely related to both birth weight and gestational age with no gender difference. Oxygen therapy (p 0.001), RDS (p 0.005), mechanical ventilation (p0.003) and septicemia (p 0.005) were main risk factors. Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia requiring phototherapy was found to be protective (p 0.0005). 15.68% cases required laser photocoagulation. During follow up, ROP regressed in all patients. Conclusions: Risk factors for ROP included oxygen usage, RDS, mechanical ventilation and septicemia. Blood products or inotropes use was not an independent factor. Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia was protective. When diagnosed early, outcome is good in ROP.Publication Serum Vitamin D levels in Children Receiving Sodium Valproate as Antiepileptic Medication in Uttar Pradesh, India(Perinatal Society of Nepal (PESON), 2025) Kathuria, Aarti; Dadoria, Ranjeeta; Gupta, Pradeep KumarAbstract: Introduction: Epilepsy is a common problem among children. Most of these children are under sodium valproate therapy. Valproate is known to cause fluctuations in serum vitamin D3 level. The present study aimed to assess impact of sodium valproate on serum vitamin D3 levels in ambulated epileptic rural children. Methods: A prospective study was conducted from January 2020 to June 2024 at a tertiary care centre in North India. Ambulatory children with epilepsy aged one to 18 years receiving sodium valproate monotherapy for more than six months were included. Children on valproate were cases and healthy volunteer children taken as controls. Data were analysed using SPSS v21 on Windows-10. Results: 130 children were enrolled. Vitamin D3 levels were significantly lower in children on valproate therapy compared to the controls. Mean levels in cases and controls were 14.98 + 2.19 ng / ml cf. 25.90 + 3.14 ng / ml respectively (P < 0.001). There was a strong negative correlation of duration of anti-epileptic drugs (AED) and vitamin D3 levels (Pearson’s correlation value of < .0001). Further, after vitamin D3 supplement of 60000 IU weekly for six weeks, 10% children did not achieve levels of 20 ng / ml (defined as cut off for deficiency). Conclusions: Study suggests that children on prolonged sodium valproate medication are at significant risk of vitamin D3 deficiency; vitamin D3 levels should be monitored and vitamin D3 supplementation considered. Vitamin D3 levels estimation after supplementation is important as repeat supplementation may be needed.