Browsing by Author "Gupta, Sanjay"
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Publication Disease Patterns among the Elderly People coming in Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal(Institute of Medicine, 2017) Shakya, YL; Shrestha, Bikash; Acharya, R; Gupta, SanjayAbstract Introduction: Globally, the proportion of elderly people is increasing at an unprecedented rate. Geriatric health problems are important issues even in developing countries like Nepal. The main objective of the study is to identify the disease patterns among the elderly people coming in Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital (TUTH), Kathmandu, Nepal. Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study was done among 100 patients, aged 60 years and above, in General Health Checkup clinic of Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital in Kathmandu Written consent was maintained in the study. The obtained data through questionnaire method were managed by coding and entered and analyzed by using IBM SPSS V20. Results: More than half (53%) of the patients were male. The mean (±SD) age was 67.35 (±16.927) years. Most of them were suffering from more than one disease. Hypertension was the commonest morbidity found in 47% of the patients. The other health problems were diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, coronary artery disease, hypothyroidism, cholelithiasis, cataract, chronic obstructive airway disease, benign hyperplasia of prostate and hysterectomy. Conclusion: From the study, it can be concluded that non-communicable diseases are the major bulk of diseases in elderly population and have substantial impact on public health. Clinical settings like general health checkup clinics should focus on disease prevention and management including life style modifications, early detection and treatment, and self-management education Effective geriatric health care services need to stress ranging from family-based community care approach to convenient access to primary health care. Family caregivers and health care professionals need training and support in this field. Keywords: Elderly people, Disease patternsPublication Prevalence of Thyroid Dysfunction among Patients with Type II diabetes Mellitus in Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study(Nepal Medical Association, 2024) Kandel, Lokraj; Shakya, Yagya Laxmi; Gupta, Sanjay; Shah, Newton Ashish; Yadav, ManishAbstract Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and thyroid dysfunction (TD) are two of the most prevalent endocrine disorders globally. Both conditions have significant effects on metabolism and are known to influence each other. Thyroid hormones play a crucial role in glucose homeostasis by affecting insulin secretion, sensitivity, and glucose metabolism.Conversely, altered glucose metabolism in diabetes can impact thyroid function, leading to a higher prevalence of thyroid disorders in diabetic patients. Understanding this relationship is important for improving the clinical management of patients with Type II DM. However, there is limited data on the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in diabetic populations within specific regions. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from February to September 2023 among 209 patients diagnosed with Type II DM at a tertiary care center after obtaining ethical approval from Institutional Review Committee(Reference No: 367 (6-11) E2). Thyroid function was assessed using thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free T3 (FT3), and free T4 (FT4) levels. Thyroid dysfunction was classified into hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism based on standard clinical and laboratory criteria. Data management involved entry into Microsoft Excel, verification for accuracy, and subsequent analysis using SPSS version 29. Results: The study included 209 patients with 128 (61.24%) females and a mean age of 65.87±13.7 years. The prevalence of thyroid disorders was 77 (36.84%) 53(25.36%) hypothyroidism,24 (11.48%) hyperthyroidism among patient with type II diabetes mellitus. Conclusions: Our study shows a high prevalence of thyroid disorders, especially subclinical hypothyroidism, in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Poorly controlled blood glucose (HbA1c ≥ 7.5) significantly increases the risk, underscoring the need for routine thyroid screening in T2DM management.