Browsing by Author "Gyawalee, Madhu"
Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Publication Awareness about Sexually Transmitted Infections and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection among Patients with Genital Symptoms(Society of Dermatologists, Venereologists and Leprologists of Nepal (SODVELON), 2017) Gyawalee, Madhu; Paudyal, BP; Pokhrel, DBAbstract: Introduction: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a major cause of public health problem. In developing countries, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is spreading rapidly, with sexually transmitted infections acting as a cofactor for the spread of HIV. Yet adequate awareness regarding these infections is lacking. Objective: To explore the knowledge and awareness about STIs and HIV infection in patients visiting Dermatology and Venereology Clinic of Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital (TUTH) with genital symptoms. Material and Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study was carried out in the department of dermato-venereology, TUTH for a period of one year. Total of 130 consecutive cases were enrolled. After taking consent and assuring confidentiality they were interviewed regarding awareness of STIs and HIV/AIDS. Results: Out of 130 cases, 95% and 98.5% had heard of an STI and HIV/AIDS respectively. Only 43.8% could mention discharge from genitalia as a symptom of STI whereas 38.5% could mention none. Most (91.5%) knew about the sexual mode of transmission of both STIs and HIV. None could mention about mother to child transmission of an STI, whereas 15% knew that an infected mother can transmit HIV to her baby. About 58% were aware that condoms could protect them from acquiring an STI, 63% perceived this as best method of prevention from HIV. When only 26% knew that being faithful to one partner is the best mode of prevention from an STI, 45% mentioned avoiding contact with multiple partners could prevent them from HIV transmission. Conclusions: Awareness programme on STIs as a whole could improve knowledge and awareness on HIV and STIs and hence prevent both. Keywords: knowledge, awareness, STIs, HIVPublication Need for Urticaria Guidelines in Nepal: Addressing Growing Burden of Urticaria(Nepal Medical Association, 2025) Poudel, Vikash; Gyawalee, Madhu; Amatya, Amit; Kafle, Monique; Meher Kayastha, Bhaskar MohanAbstract Urticaria is a prevalent inflammatory skin condition significantly impacting patients' quality of life, with chronic urticaria affecting approximately 1% of the global population and 2.4% in Nepal. Despite its growing prevalence, management of urticaria in Nepal remains inconsistent due to the lack of standardized guidelines. Developing national urticaria guidelines is crucial to standardizing care, improving patient outcomes, optimizing resources, and fostering research. This process involves reviewing global best practices, adapting them to Nepal’s unique healthcare context, assessing current practices, and building expert consensus. The guidelines aim to enhance diagnosis and treatment, empower patients and clinicians, and address disparities in care. Their implementation, supported by pilot testing, training, and continual updates, will ensure timely, effective, and equitable care, ultimately reducing the burden of urticaria and improving dermatological health in Nepal.Publication Pattern of Dermatological Diseases During the Lockdown and Pre-COVID Period at a Tertiary Care Center in Nepal(Society of Dermatologists, Venereologists and Leprologists of Nepal (SODVELON), 2022) Gyawalee, Madhu; Kafle, Monique; Amatya, Amit; Kayastha, Bhaskar MohanAbstract: Introduction: Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), which started in China, affected many countries in a short time and spread globally. The Nepal government implemented a strict lockdown to stop the spread of this viral infection. Objectives: Analyzing the impact of COVID-19-induced lockdowns in the pattern of dermatological diseases in comparison to the non-COVID period of 2019. Materials and methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was done by reviewing the data from dermatology out-patients records for four months of each lockdown and four months of the non-COVID period. Results: There was a 49% and 7% reduction in visits of dermatology outpatients during the first and second lockdown, respectively compared to the pre-COVID period. The number of non-infectious diseases was more compared to infectious diseases. Bacterial infection decreased by 1%. Herpes zoster and scabies increased by 0.5-1% during lockdowns. Cases of eczema and urticaria increased by 2% and 3-5.5% during the first and second lockdowns, respectively. Papular urticaria and sexually transmitted infections decreased by 1% during the second lockdown. Consultations for melasma increased by 1.5%. Conclusion: There was a reduction in patient visits during both lockdowns. However, a marked reduction was seen during the first lockdown compared to the pre-COVID period. Pruritic conditions like eczemas, urticarias, and scabies increased, whereas papular urticaria decreased. Pigmentary disorders decreased, but visits for melasma increased. All bacterial infections decreased, whereas herpes zoster increased among viral infections. Chronic diseases like psoriasis and acne vulgaris decreased slightly. The number of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) also decreased. There was no difference in the proportion of infectious and non-infectious diseases compared to the pre-COVID and the lockdown periods.