Browsing by Author "Humagain, Manoj"
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Publication Prevalence of Amlodipine-induced gingival enlargement in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study(Nepal Medical Association, 2025) Subedi, Gitanjali; Rijal, Arjun Hari; Lamichhane, Simant; Ghimire, Osha; Humagain, ManojAbstract Introduction: Administration of certain drugs such as anticonvulsants, immunosuppressants, and calcium channel blockers leads to well-known sequalae of gingival enlargement. Apart from esthetic consequences, gingival enlargement also hinders proper oral hygiene and may be painful for the patient. Determination of primary etiology and subsequent treatment for the same is pre-requisite in the management of gingival enlargement. Therefore, this study was intended to determine the prevalence of gingival enlargement in patients under amlodipine therapy in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out after ethical approval from Institutional Review Committee (Reference No.: 242/23), in the Department of Internal Medicine and in the Department of Periodontology, Dhulikhel Hospital. The study period was from December, 2023 – May, 2024. Patients under amlodipine therapy for at least six months were assessed. Purposive sampling was done with a total sample size of 450. The prevalence of gingival enlargement along with dosage and duration of drug intake was calculated. Results: Out of 450 participants, drug induced gingival enlargement was seen in 129 (28.70%). Furthermore, among 129 patients, grade 1 gingival enlargement was more prevalent (n=93, 20.70%) while grade 3 gingival enlargement was only seen in 6 (0.90%) of the participants. The dosage and duration of drug intake by patient were also calculated. Conclusions: Gingival enlargement could be the potential side effect associated with amlodipine usage. It was found to be prevalent in patients under amlodipine therapy. The patients should be well-informed about the consequence, by the treating physician, prior to initiation of amlodipine therapy. Proper oral hygiene measures should be reinforced in such patients from the beginning.Publication Prevalence of Gingival Recession in the Nepalese Population Visiting Tertiary Care Hospital(Nepal Medical Association, 2025) Rijal, Arjun Hari; Napit, Ruben; Chhetri, Purnima Mahatara; Pandey, Sujata; Poudel, Sandhya; Ghimire, Pratistha; Adhikari, Bhojraj; Lamichhane, Simant; Humagain, ManojAbstract Introduction: Gingival recession is the exposure of root surface by an apical shift in the position of the gingiva. Exposure of the tooth surface leads to caries of the root surface, abrasion, erosion, sensitivity, esthetic concern and interproximal plaque accumulation. So, the objective of the present study was to find out the prevalence of recession in Nepalese population and its etiological factors. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 350 participants for a period of December 2023 to February 2024 at Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Dhulikhel Hospital after obtaining ethical approval from Institutional review committee (Reference no: 229/23). Written informed consent was obtained and gingival recession and its associated factors were examined using well-formed proforma. Data were entered into Microsoft excel and descriptive statistics were reported. Results: Out of total 350 participants, the prevalence of gingival recession was found to be 170 (48.56%, 95% CI= 43.33- 53.73). Among total participants 177 (50.57%) were male with gingival prevalence of 86 (48.58%) and rests were female with 84 (48.55%) prevalence. Similarly, 40-49 years age groups were mostly affected 62(72.09%) by gingival recession.There was highest prevalence with poor oral hygiene 48 (64.87%), use of hard tooth brush 31(67.39%), prosthodontic treatment 22(61.12%), subgingival restoration 7(70%) and due to papillary penetrating frenal attachment 3 (100%). Conclusions: This study reported high prevalence of gingival recession among Nepalese adult population and there are multiple etiologies are associated with it.