Browsing by Author "Ibrahim, Olayinka Rasheed"
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Publication Clinical and Laboratory Predictors of Acute Kidney Injury in Childhood Severe Malaria(Perinatal Society of Nepal (PESON), 2024) Ibrahim, Olayinka Rasheed; Alao, Michael Abel; Adeboye, Muhammed NurudeenAbstract: Introduction: Despite being responsible for the highest burden of global malaria infection, there are limited data on malaria-associated acute kidney injury (MAKI) among Nigerian children for informed decisions. This study described the incidence and predictors of malaria-associated AKI among a cohort of 541 children in northwestern Nigeria. Method: This was a retrospective review of malaria cases from 1st January 2019 to December 31, 2020. We extracted socio-demographics, clinical features, and laboratory parameters from the records of the children with confirmed cases of severe malaria. AKI was defined and staged according to the 2012 Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria. We carried out bivariate analysis and entered variables that were significant into binary logistic regression in order to determine predictors of AKI. Result: Out of the 541 children, 208 (38.4%) had MAKI. Of the 208, 165 (79.3%) were in stage 1, 26 (12.5%) were in stage 2, and 17 (8.2%) were in stage 3. Clinical features associated with AKI included hypoxemia, respiratory distress, loss of consciousness, prostration, passage of dark-colored urine, and shock (p<0.05). Laboratory parameters associated with AKI included acidosis, leukocytosis, hyponatremia, and hyperkalemia (p<0.05). Factors that independently predicted AKI included the passage of dark-colored urine with an adjusted odds ratio (AOR)-3.853 (95% CI 2.417, 6.143), hyponatremia-AOR 2.346, (95% CI 1.287, 4.277), and hyperkalemia-AOR 3.122, (95% CI 1.031, 9.393). Conclusion: The incidence of malaria-associated AKI is high among children in northwestern Nigeria. The presence of dark-colored urine, hyponatremia, and hyperkalemia strongly predict the risk for AKI.