Browsing by Author "Jha, Meena"
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Publication Correlation of Endometrial Thicknessby Transvaginal Sonography with Histopathological Examination in Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in Perimenopausal Age Group(Nepal Health Research Council, 2023) Sah, Sadhana; Dangal, Ganesh; Jha, MeenaAbstract Background: Transvaginal sonography and endometrial biopsy are the two diagnostic tests, most frequently used to investigate the cause of abnormal uterine bleeding.The aim of this study is to correlate the findings between transvaginal sonography and histopathology for diagnostic evaluation in perimenopausal women with abnormal uterine bleeding. Methods: A descriptive observational study was carried out at Paropakar Maternity and Women’s Hospital, Thapathali, Kathmandu, Nepal during the period of one year (1st January 2019 to 30th December 2019) in 70perimenopausal women with abnormal uterine bleeding. Transvaginal sonography wasdone and endometrial thickness was noted. Endometrial biopsy was done under intravenous anaesthesia. Histopathological reports reviewed and analysis done. Results: The most common age group of women presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding was 40 to 43 years(42.9%) and the commonest clinical feature was menorrhagia (50%) followed by menometrorrhagia (27.1%). The transvaginal sonography showed that majority of women had endometrial thickness of 10-12mm(35.7%) followed by 7-9mm(27.1%). Proliferative endometrium (37.1%) was most common histopathologicalfinding followed by secretory endometrium (30%). 10 cases of proliferative endometrium was seen at ET 7-9mm and 1 case of endometrial carcinoma was seen at ET 13-15 mm with P-value <0.13. Conclusions: Transvaginal sonography and histopathological examination are the standard diagnostic procedures for the assessment of abnormal uterine bleeding and for early detection of precancerous lesion like endometrial hyperplasiaand endometrial cancer. Keywords: Abnormal uterine bleeding; histopathology; transvaginal sonographyPublication Fundal Intramural Pregnancy: An Unusual and Rare Form of Ectopic Pregnancy(Rapti Academy of Health Sciences (RAHS), 2024) Joshi, Basant Raj; Vaidya, Sapana Amatya; Jha, Meena; Shakya, Madhu; Dahal, Bibhuti; Sharma, PrasansaAbstract: Intramural pregnancy is a rare type of ectopic pregnancy and difficult to diagnose. A 42-year-old woman, who has no past history of uterine surgeries, nor fertility treatment, presented with a fundal abnormal mass with diagnostic dilemma with invasive mole. Laparotomy with hysterectomy was performed. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry confirmed as fundal intramural ectopic pregnancy. The postoperative course was uneventful. Keywords: Case Report, Ectopic Pregnancy, Intramural Pregnancy, Fundal Pregnancy, Intramural ectopic pregnancy, Fundal intramural ectopic pregnancy, Rare form of ectopic pregnancyPublication Late Stage Cervical Cancer among Confirmed Cervical Cancer Cases in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study(Nepal Medical Association, 2021) Ojha, Neebha; Jha, Meena; Shrestha, Eliza; Dangal, GaneshAbstract: Introduction: Cervical cancer is the leading gynaecological cancer in Nepal. Most of the time, it is diagnosed in the late stage with its associated morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to find out the prevalence of late-stage presentation of cervical cancer among confirmed cases of cervical cancer in a tertiary care centre. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care centre of Nepal from March 2021 to May 2021 after obtaining ethical clearance from the Institutional Review Board (Reference no.805). A convenient sampling method was used. A descriptive analysis was done of all cases of cervical cancer who were diagnosed within the last 36 months and attended hospital during the study period. The information was collected by interview and hospital record was checked. Analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. Results: Among the 142 confirmed cervical cancer cases, the prevalence of late-stage presentation of cervical cancer was 93 (65.5%) (57.7-73.3 at 95% Confidence Interval). The mean age at diagnosis was 50.6±10.9 years. More than two-thirds of the women were from outside Kathmandu valley 102 (71.8%) and came from >50km distance. The majority of the women 83 (58.5%) were illiterate. Conclusions: The study showed that two-thirds of the women presented in advanced stage and the factors leading to the late stage. This highlights the fact, that the focus should be on the provision of organized screening programs and early diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer.