Browsing by Author "K, Manandhar"
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Publication Morbidity pattern of children with asthma: A prospective study(Kathmandu University, 2006) K, Manandhar; BL, Bajracharya; S, Dhakal; M, ShresthaObjectives: To determine the morbidity pattern of asthma in children attending the paediatric asthma follow-up clinic. Materials and methods: Longitudinal prospective follow up of hundred and four patients, diagnosed as asthma, over a period of 2 years was done. Regular follow up by the same person during each visit and proper supervision of standard treatment along with parental education regarding the asthma, was done. Results: The mean age of children presenting with asthma was 6.7 years. Majority of children 49 (47.5%) were graded as mild persistent asthma. Fifty nine (56.7%) children were missing school more than 7 days per month. Family history was present in forty one percent of the children. Fifty seven (54.8%) children were taking significant amount of junk food and were undernourished. Significant reduction in school-missing days and Emergency Room visits was noted in these children during the follow up period. Conclusion: Awareness of disease is an important aspect of asthma management. Proper treatment and follow up with emotional support and education of the care taker, about the asthma, can reduce the morbidity pattern of asthma in children. Key words: Prospective study, longitudinal study, AsthmaPublication One year follow up study of term babies born at Kathmandu medical college teaching hospital(Kathmandu University, 2004) K, Manandhar; DS, Manandhar; MR, BaralObjective: To study the mean, standard deviation and centiles for anthropometry and haemoglobin in healthy term infants followed up to 12 months of age. Design: Cohort study Settings: Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital (KMCTH) in Kathmandu. Subject: Consecutive healthy term newborns Method: 100 consecutive healthy term newborns were enrolled at birth.19 babies were lost in follow up. So, 81(45 male, 36 female) healthy, full term infants were followed up from birth to 12 months of age. Anthropometry (weight, length, and head circumference) and haemoglobin were measured at birth, 6 weeks, 6 months, 9 months and 12 months of age. Haemoglobin was estimated by Hemocue microcuvette method. The data so obtained was subjected to statistical analysis by using SPSS computer package. Main outcomes: Mean, centile and standard deviation score values for weight (Kgs), infant length (cms), head circumference (cms) and haemoglobin (gm/dl) at birth, 6 weeks, 6 months, 9 months and 12 months of age. Results: Out of 100 babies enrolled, data presented here is for the remaining 81 babies. Among 81 babies, 76 were appropriate for gestational age (AGA) and 3 were small for gestation (SFD). The mean, standard deviation and percentile values are presented for anthropometry (weight, length and head circumference) and haemoglobin at birth, 6 weeks, 6 months, 9 months and 12 months of age. The mean birth weight was 3.05 kg (SD 0.41). The mean infant length and head circumference at birth were 49 cm (2.28) and 33.8 cm (SD1.4) respectively. The mean haemoglobin at birth was 15.7 gm/dl (SD 2.29). At 12 months of age mean weight, length, head circumference and haemoglobin were 9 kg (SD 0.81), 73.5 cm (SD 2.9), 45 cm (SD 1.2 ) and 11.1 gm/dl (SD 1.41) respectively. Almost 50% of the babies at 6 weeks, 9 months and 12 months of age were found to be anaemic (Hb <11 gm/dl). Among the babies, 49% were exclusively breast fed for 6 months of age. Other feeding practices seen were, mother’s breast feed with water supplementation (25%), mother’s breast feeding with formula feed (16%) and formula feeding only (5%). National and international comparisons of anthropometry and haemoglobin data are shown in table.