NepMed Repository :: Browsing by Author "Kaiti, R"

Browsing by Author "Kaiti, R"

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A Hospital Based Study of Prevalence of Dry Eye in Tertiary Care Hospital of Nepal
(Kathmandu University, 2021) Joshi Shrestha, L; Kaiti, R
ABSTRACT Background Dry eye is a common disorder of the tear film that results from decreased tear production, excessive tear evaporation, or abnormality in mucin or lipid components of the tear film associated with symptoms of ocular discomfort. Objective To determine the prevalence of dry eye among patients above 40 years attending out-patient department in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Nepal. Method This was a prospective hospital-based study done at the Department of Ophthalmology in Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital for a period of six months from September 2016 to February 2017. All the patients above 40 years of age, attending out patients department were screened by ophthalmologist using the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI). Those patients who were diagnosed of dry eye by OSDI were further evaluated by Schirmer’s test and Tear film breakup time (TBUT). Result Out of 4470 patients attending Ophthalmology outpatient department 1599 patients were of age above 40 years. The overall prevalence of dry eye according to OSDI questionnaire was 25% (400). The mean age of patient with dry eye was 54 yrs. 169 were males (42.2%) and 231 were females (57.7%). Among them Schirmer’s test was positive in 16.7% (67) and TBUT was positive in 85.7% (343) of the patients with dry eye. Conclusion Dry eye is a common condition among patients attending ophthalmology outpatient department in tertiary care center and is leading cause of ocular discomfort. The prevalence of dry eye was higher among indoor workers than in outdoor workers. Further studies are needed to establish association and risk factor of dry eye. KEY WORDS Dry eye, Ocular surface disorder index questionnaire, Schirmer’s test, Tear film break up time
A Hospital Based Study of Pterygium in Tertiary Care Hospital of Nepal
(Kathmandu University, 2016) Shrestha, P; Kaiti, R
ABSTRACT Background Pterygium, a triangular fibrovascular subepithelial growth of degenerative bulbar conjunctival tissue over the limbus onto the cornea, is one of the common ocular conditions that may result in discomfort, tearing, photophobia and significant visual impairment. Little is known about its epidemiology in Nepalese context. Objective The current study aims to analyze the epidemiology of pterygium in a hospital-based population in Kavre District, a mid hilly region of central Nepal. Method This was a prospective hospital based study carried out in the Department of Ophthalmology in Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital for a period of one year from January to December 2013. All the patients with pterygium, aged 21 years and above attending the outpatients department were included into the study. The epidemiological data was collected using a standard questionnaire and complete ocular examination was performed by the Ophthalmologist. Result A total of 7925 patients were seen in the Ophthalmology outpatient department during a one year period, out of which 5622 patients (age range 20-80 years) were eligible for the study. A total of 137 patients, 43(31.4%) males and 94 females (68.6%) had different grades of pterygium with mean age of 48.6± 12.8 years. The overall prevalence of pterygium was 2.4 %. Majority of the patients with pterygium were between 41-60 years. Fifty-eight percent of pterygium were of grade I followed by 41% of grade II. Unilateral and nasal pterygia were common. Conclusion The prevalence of pterygium is low in this hospital based population, majority of cases affecting females and old age population. KEY WORDS Prevalence, pterygium, risk-factors
Knowledge and Attitude on Eye Donation among Undergraduate Medical Students of Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Nepal
(Kathmandu University, 2021) Kaiti, R; Dhungel, P; Pradhan, A; Chaudhry, M
ABSTRACT Background Corneal blindness accounts for a significant proportion of avoidable visual impairment in developing countries. Eye donation is voluntary and awareness in undergraduate medical students being a future practitioner in any field are expected to be linked to patients during death in hospitals. Objective To assess the awareness of medical students on eye donation at Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences (KUSMS). Method This was a cross-sectional study conducted among undergraduate medical students of KUSMS. Students’ responses were recorded using a predesigned, pretested, semi- structured questionnaire inquiring knowledge and attitude of eye donation, sources of information, their willingness to donate eyes as well as the reasons for donating/ not donating eyes. Result Less than half of the medical students (45.6%) were aware of eye donation only after death. Newspapers (72.2%) were the major source of information. The final year medical students were more aware (Average knowledge score = 11.56 ± 2.05) than their juniors. 80.7% of the students were willing to donate their eyes. The adjudged reasons for willingness to donate were that eye donation is a noble work and pleasure in helping a blind person while the reasons for unwillingness to donate were lack of awareness followed by family objection to eye donation. Conclusion Future medical practitioners possessed satisfactory knowledge about eye donation. Educating this cadre of human resources to sensitize them towards the need for eye donation would be a crucial step towards reducing the global burden of corneal blindness. KEY WORDS Attitude, Eye donation, Knowledge, Medical students, Transplantation
Pattern and Prevalence of Refractive Error and Secondary Visual Impairment in Patients Attending a Tertiary Hospital in Dhulikhel, Nepal
(Kathmandu University, 2018) Kaiti, R; Pradhan, A; Dahal, HN; Shrestha, P
ABSTRACT Background Uncorrected refractive error is one of the most important causes of visual impairment worldwide. Objective To ascertain the pattern and prevalence of refractive error and secondary visual impairment in subjects attending Ophthalmology department. Method A prospective hospital-based study was designed where presenting visual acuity, age of presentation, refractive status, best corrected visual acuity and status of visual impairment were assessed in participants, ages ranging from 3-39 years presenting to the Ophthalmology department of Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital. History of use of spectacle was noted and participants were categorized into different visual impairment categories as per their presenting visual acuity. Result Out of a total of 4500 total clients examined during the study period, 388 (8.62%) had refractive error where 219 (56.44%) were females and 169 (43.56%) were males. Mean age at presentation was 22.70±7.69 years (range, 3-39 years). Astigmatism was the most common subtype seen in 373 eyes (48.06%), followed by myopia (366 eyes, 47.16%) and hypermetropia (31 eyes, 4.0%). Only 40.50% subjects who required refractive correction were using spectacle. 62.37% (242 clients) had some of visual impairment during their presentation. There was statistically significant improvement in visual acuity after refractive correction (p=0.00). Conclusion Uncorrected refractive error is one of the most important causes of visual impairment. Lack of awareness, infrequent ocular examination and lack of community or preschool vision screening were the main causes for the late presentation and significant visual impairment associated with the condition. Social stigma, economical limitation and negative counseling and attitudes about spectacle wear were primary factors behind the unsatisfactory spectacle use. KEY WORDS Astigmatism, Refractive correction, Refractive error, Visual impairment

Browsing by Author "Kaiti, R"

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