Browsing by Author "Maharjan, Jessica"
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Publication Adverse Events Following COVISHIELD and VERO CELL Vaccination Campaigns Against COVID-19(Nepal Health Research Council, 2023) Adhikari, Santosh; Maharjan, Jessica; Bhattarai, Sushan; Kunwar, Kshitij; Agrawal, Sumit; Dangal, Raj Kumar; Chapagain, Ram Hari; Bista, Tek Bahadur; Bhattarai, SrijanaAbstract Background: Vaccination against COVID-19 for Nepalese was initiated in January 2021 for various age groups. People were anxious about receiving the vaccines and were concerned about the safety profile of the vaccine they received. In this study, we have tried to observe the Adverse Events Following Immunization of two different vaccines namely COVISHIELD (ChAdOx1 nCOV-19) and VERO CELL (CZ02 strain), used in different phases of vaccination by the government of Nepal. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study among people who received COVID-19 vaccines in this study using a self-administered questionnaire. Data was cleaned and then exported to IBM SPSS v.20 for analysis, Chi-square test was used to see the association between different variables and a p-value<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Out of 303 respondents, all had received the first and 270 participants had received the second dose of the COVID-19 vaccine, among which, 133 (43.89%) reported at least one side effect after the first dose of vaccination while 58 (21.48%) had self-reported side effects after the second dose of vaccination. Seventeen percent of the respondents had COVID-19 infection within the past 3 months before receiving COVID-19 vaccine. Three percent of participants had re-infection with COVID-19 after receiving the first or the second dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. Among participants who experienced adverse events, 42% and 62.1% of participants experienced mild adverse events following the first dose and second dose of the vaccine, respectively. Conclusions: The adverse events following immunization for both vaccines after both doses of vaccination were quite low, with 43.89% of participants reporting side effects after the first dose and 21.48% of participants reporting side effects after the second dose. Adverse events were most frequently reported within 24 hours of vaccination and were mostly mild. There was no statistical significance of adverse events between both vaccines. Keywords: Adverse events following immunization (AEFI); COVID-19; COVISHIELD; VERO CELL. Author Biographies Santosh Adhikari, Kanti Children's Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal Sushan Bhattarai, Kanti Children's Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal Raj Kumar Dangal, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel hospital, Dhulikhel, Nepal Srijana Bhattarai, Paropakar Maternity and Women's Hospital, Kathmandu, NepalPublication Immunogenicity and Safety Profile of Typhoid Conjugate Vaccine (Vi-DT) Among Nepali Children(Nepal Health Research Council, 2025) Adhikari, Santosh; Rai, Ganesh Kumar; Chapagain, Ram Hari; Giri, Bishnu Rath; Joshi, Prakash; Shrestha, Nisha Jyoti; Manandhar, Bina Prajapati; Tamang, Suresh Man; Maharjan, Jessica; Thapaliya, Bibesh; Gupta, Birendra Prasad; Kim, Deok Ryun; Vemula, Sridhar; Sahastrabuddhe, Sushant; Saluja, TarunBackground: Typhoid fever remains a major concern in tropical countries. The availability of an effective vaccine could be an important inclusion to currently available interventions. We reported on our evaluation of the immunogenicity and safety of the typhoid conjugate vaccine (Vi-DT) among Nepali children. Methods: The study was an observer blinded, active controlled, randomized phase III clinical trial in children above 6 months and less than 18 years old. Three different lots of Vi-DT(Vi- Diptheria Toxoid); test vaccine and Vi-TT ( Vi-Tetanus Toxoid); comparator vaccines were administered to eligible children. Seroconversion was assessed with blood samples collected at baseline and 4 weeks after the vaccination. A rise of at least 4-fold vi-antibody titer from the baseline was used to indicate positive seroconversion. Data on solicited and unsolicited adverse events were collected. Results: Four hundred and eighty-eight children participated in the study. Seroconversion rate was 98.61% and 98.36% among participants who received Vi-DT and Vi-TT vaccines respectively. One immediate adverse event was observed only for Vi-DT group. One hundred forty-two and 66 solicited AEs within 7 days were observed with test and comparator vaccine respectively. Unsolicited AEs within 28 days were 125 for test vaccine compared and 77 for the comparator vaccine. Two SAEs were reported which were Not- related to study vaccine. Conclusions: The overall seroconversion in Vi DT vaccine was non inferior to the comparator vaccine and the safety profile of the vaccine was good without any life-threatening events. Keywords: Immunogenicity; Nepal; safety profile; typhoid conjugate vaccine; Vi-DT