Browsing by Author "Maharjan, Rupak"
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Publication A Clinico-epidemiological Profile of Patients with Alopecia Areata: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study(Nepal APF Hospital, 2025) Maharjan, Rupak; Karki, AlinaAbstract: Introduction: Alopecia areata is one of the common types of non-cicatricial alopecia. It is considered an autoimmune disorder and effects hair bearing areas like scalp, eyebrows and beard. It also carries psychological burden. This study aims to evaluate clinicoepidemiological profile of patients diagnosed with alopecia areata attending the dermatology outpatient department (OPD) of a tertiary care center. Methods: After clearance from IRC of the hospital, a cross sectional study was conducted from January 1st 2025- June 30th 2025. Data on patient demographics (age, sex), clinical diagnosis, examination findings were collected in preformed proforma and entered in SPSS version 21.0. Descriptive statistics were used for analyses. Results: In our study 52 cases were diagnosed with alopecia areata during the study period, out of which 40 (76.93%) were males and 12 (23.07%) were females with male female ratio of 3.3:1. Majority of patients 24 (46.15%) were in 31-40 years age group followed by 12 (23.10%) cases in 21-30 years age group. Most of the cases 46 (88.46%) had no symptoms and the disease duration was predominnantly 43 (82.70%) less than 3 months. Scalp 42 (80.76%) was the most common site involved and patchy alopecia 43 (82.70%) was most common pattern seen. Nail changes were found in 11 (21.15%) of cases. Conclusion: In our study, Alopecia areata was more common in males, scalp predominant site involved and patchy hair loss the most common pattern observed.Publication Clinico-epidemiological profile of Sexually Transmitted Infections in a tertiary hospital: A Cross- Sectional Study(Nepal APF Hospital, 2025) Karki, Alina; Maharjan, Rupak; Manandhar, VarshaAbstract: Introduction: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are communicable diseases that occurs due to sexual contact. They are a major global health problem which affect quality of life of the patients. Knowledge on frequency and pattern of STIs help in early diagnosis and appropriate treatment. This study was done to determine the prevalence and pattern of various STIs in Nepal Armed Police Force (APF) Hospital, Kathmandu. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among patients visiting Dermatology OPD of Nepal APF Hospital from 1st Dec 2019 to 30th Nov 2023. The data were recorded in preset proforma, entered in SPSS software and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: A total of 165 patients were included in the study among which 121 (73.33%) were males and 44 (26.67%) were females with male female ratio of 2.7:1. Most of the patients were married and in age group (26-35) years (76, 46.06%). Heterosexual contact was the most common mode of sexual contact. Most common STIs were condyloma acuminata (56, 33.95%) followed by urethral discharge syndrome (37, 22.43%), herpes genitalis (28, 16.97%), vaginal discharge syndrome (20, 12.12%), syphilis (18, 10.90%), molluscum contagiosum (3, 1.81%) and others (3, 1.81%). Conclusion: Viral infections were the most common STIs and were predominantly seen in males. Sexual education and awareness activities are more important to reduce the burden of infections and their proper treatment.Publication COVID-19 among Patients Visiting the Department of Emergency of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study(Nepal Medical Association, 2023) Shrestha, Mahendra Raj; Basnet, Ajaya; Maharjan, Rajendra; Chand, Arun Bahadur; Karki, Lochan; Singh, Subash; Ghimire, Sagar; Maharjan, RupakAbstract Introduction: Because of the unbridled transmissibility of the SARS-CoV-2 worldwide, researchers and healthcare professionals have set a common goal for timely diagnosis and future prevention of the disease. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of COVID-19 among patients visiting the Department of Emergency of a tertiary care centre. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among the individuals suspected COVID-19 who had visited the Department of Emergency of a tertiary care centre between 11 January 2021 and 29 December 2021. Ethical approval was taken from Ethical Review Board (Reference number: 2768). Socio-demographic details, clinical symptoms, and two nasopharyngeal swab samples (one in viral transport medium to run RT-PCR and the other for Ag-RDT) were collected from each individual. Convenience sampling method was used. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated. Results: Among the 232 patients, COVID-19 was detected in 108 (46.55%) (40.13-52.97, 95% CI) by Ag-RDT. A total of 44 (39.63%) of age groups 31-40 years were predominantly infected with SARS-CoV-2. The mean age was 32.13±10.80 years and was mostly males 73 (65.77%). Fever was present in 57 (51.35%) and dry cough was present in 50 (45.05%) COVID-19 patients. Conclusions: The prevalence of COVID-19 among hospitalized individuals in this study was higher than in previous studies conducted in similar settings.Publication Oral Mucosal Lesions in Patients Attending Dermatology Outpatient Department of a Tertiary Care Center in Kathmandu: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study(Nepal Medical Association, 2024) Karki, Alina; Manandhar, Varsha; Maharjan, Rupak; Maharjan, AlishaAbstract Introduction: Oral mucosal lesions though mostly benign, may impair the quality of life of patients. Some may even progress to malignancies. Many physicians, including dermatologists, tend to skip oral examinations, missing many important diagnoses. Understanding the frequency and types of oral mucosal lesions in dermatological settings can help in early diagnosis, referral and adequate treatment. This study was done to determine demographic characteristics and clinical presentations of patients with oral mucosal lesions presenting to the out-patient department (OPD) of dermatology in Nepal Armed Police Force (APF) Hospital, Kathmandu. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted after obtaining the ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee of Nepal APF Hospital. Retrospective data of 264 patients presenting with oral mucosal lesions to the dermatology OPD were collected from 1st January 2021 to 31st December 2023 by using a pre-formed proforma. Data was entered in SPSS software and descriptive statistics were computed. Results: Out of 13,832 cases, oral mucosal lesion was seen in 264 (1.90%) cases among which 153 (57.96%) cases were males with male female ratio of 1.37:1. Most common age group affected was 31-45 years 96 (36.36%). Buccal mucosa 86 (32.57%) was the commonest site involved followed by tongue 73 (27.65%). Aphthous ulcer 82 (31.06%) was the commonest lesion found followed by oral candidiasis 25 (9.46%) and oral lichen planus 24 (9.09%). Conclusions: Aphthous ulcer was the commonest oral mucosal lesion seen in patients visiting dermatology outpatient department of Nepal APF Hospital, with buccal mucosa being the commonest site affected.