Browsing by Author "Maini, Baljeet"
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Publication Childhood Neurocysticersosis: A Rural Teaching Hospital Experience(Nepal Paediatric Society (JNPS), 2019) Bhalla, Arjun Sakha; Maini, Baljeet; Gaur, Bablu KumarAbstract: Introduction: Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is caused by the larval stage of Taenia Solium. Neurocysticercosis is the most common cause of acquired epilepsy in developing countries. In India NCC has been identified as a significant cause of seizures. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted on 150 children of NCC up to 18 years of age in a tertiary care hospital. The diagnosis was based on clinical and laboratory/ radiological evaluation of the patients. Socio-clinical, radiological and serological data of the patients were analysed. Results: A total of 150 children were enrolled in this study. The commonest age group of the cases in this study was six to 10 years. Male to female ratio was 1.8:1. The largest percentage of cases belonged to upper lower class (56%) and lowest was 4% in upper class. Sixty percent subjects were non vegetarian. Seizures were the most common presentation (96%). Headache was present in 44% cases. Single lesion was commonest type of lesion on radiological examination with frontal cortex as most commonly involved area of brain. Stage II NCC was commonest type of lesion on MRI. EEG was abnormal in 38% cases. Serum ELISA for cysticercosis was positive in 10% cases. Number of lesions was not associated with age group, type of seizure or any particular area of brain. Conclusion: Stage II NCC the commonest type of NCC. Single lesion NCC was more common than multiple lesions. All cases with atypical presentation and positive ELISA had multiple lesions. Frontal portion of cortex was most commonly involved.Publication Epidermoid Cyst of Uvula: A Rare Cause of Upper Airway Obstruction(Nepal Paediatric Society (JNPS), 2022) Jain, Aniket; Maini, Baljeet; Ansari, Shahzad Alam; Rastogi, RajulAbstract: A three months old female baby presented to the emergency with complaints of excessive crying, rapid breathing and high - grade fever for one day. On arrival, the patient had respiratory distress with endotracheal tube in situ and bilateral crepitations on auscultation. Oral cavity examination revealed a well-circumscribed, white colored mass with a smooth surface extending from the uvula. The baby was managed successfully by surgery and the baby has been asymptomatic on follow up.Publication Platelet Indices in Neonates: A Comparative Study of Normal and Low Birth Weight Babies(Nepal Paediatric Society (JNPS), 2019) Duggal, Tegsimran; Maini, Baljeet; Chauhan, Gauri; Gaur, Bablu Kumar; Sharma, Mukti; Bhardwaj, Anand KumarAbstract: Introduction: Birth weight is an important indicator of perinatal and neonatal outcome. Low birth weight (LBW) babies suffer from many problems in neonatal period and have more morbidity and mortality as compared to normal weight babies. Platelets play an important role in neonatal immunity. Platelet indices of LBW babies are not well understood and may have contributed to morbidities in these babies. This study was conducted to study the platelet indices in LBW babies. Methods: All inborn LBW babies born in our centre and fulfilling the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. Study period was of one and half years (Oct 2015 – Apr 2017). Cord blood sample (2 ml) was collected and platelet indices namely Platelet Count (PC), Mean Platelet Volume (MPV), Platelet Distribution Width (PDW), were assessed. Blood sample was processed with a hospital laboratory based automated analyser. Neonatal morbidities were recorded. Platelet indices were analysed with respect to low birth weight. Results: The platelet count in LBW babies was lower than the control group. Other indices i.e. PDW and MPV however did not show significant variation between both the groups. Conclusions: LBW babies had lower platelet counts but other platelet indices were not significantly affected. The results need to be substantiated with further larger studies in the future.Publication Prescription Pattern of Antibiotics in Paediatric Patients in a Rural Teaching Hospital of North India(Nepal Paediatric Society (JNPS), 2021) Malik, Ankush; Nain, Parminder; Maini, Baljeet; Shsihpal; Kaur, JaspreetAbstract: Introduction: Due to complex dosage calculations, requirement and different pharmacokinetics profile of drugs in paediatric population, there is a risk of development of drug resistance due to the excessive and inappropriate use of antibiotics. The aim of this study is to determine the antibiotic prescriptions pattern and analyse the rationale use of antibiotic in paediatric patient. Methods: A prospective observational study was carried out for the period of six months. Data was obtained from the records of paediatric patients between six months to 12 years of age who visited the hospital for febrile illnesses. Appropriateness of the prescriptions was evaluated by considering various parameters like selection of antibiotics (adherence to standard treatment protocols of childhood febrile illnesses), dose, dosage form, route, frequency and duration of antibiotic administration. Quantitative data was analysed in terms of percentage and graphs. Results: One hundred and fifty prescriptions in a successive manner from paediatric department were collected and analysed, out of which 40% were male & 60% were female cases. The mean age of the patients was 5.9 ± 3.3 years. The range of duration of antimicrobial therapy was 3 - 9 days (6.03 ± 3.53 days). Sixty six percent of paediatric patients were on single antibiotic and most of the paediatric patients were receiving parenteral preparation. The antibiotic treatment was given on the basis of definitive diagnosis in 52% and empirical therapy in 46% cases. Antibiotic prescribed were from class cephalosporin (80%) followed by penicillin (18%) and microcline (14%), glycopeptides (2%) and nitroimidazoles (2%). Conclusions: Febrile children received antibiotics on an empirical basis, in accordance with standard treatment protocols. Cephalosporins are the major class of drugs prescribed.