Browsing by Author "Manandhar, Varsha"
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Publication Feeding Practices of Infants and Young Children in Pokhara Metropolitan City(Nepal Health Research Council, 2024) Manandhar, Varsha; Upadhyaya, Baidehi; Manandhar, Smriti; Manandhar, Alisha; Ghimire, AmritaBackground: For children to grow and develop normally, appropriate feeding practices are essential, especially in the first two years of their lives. These practices can vary depending on the different sociodemographic factors. This study aims to study the feeding practices of infants and young children in different wards of Pokhara Metropolitan City. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted and 280 mothers of infants and young children 0-23 months of age were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire. Data were entered and cleaned in Ms-Excel and then exported to SPSS version 21.0 for statistical analysis. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to find the association of feeding practices with different independent variables. Results: Only 32.3% of children 0-5 months of age were found to be appropriately breastfed, and 41.8% of children 6-23 months of age were found to have appropriate complementary feeding practices. Children delivered by normal vaginal delivery (AOR 18.118, p < 0.01, 95% CI 3.831 – 85.689) were more likely to have appropriate breastfeeding practices than those delivered by caesarean section. Children of birth order two or more (AOR 2.226, p = 0.016, 95% CI 1.171 – 4.620) and living in nuclear families (AOR 2.488, p = 0.013, 95% CI 1.120 – 5.116) were found to have appropriate complementary feeding practices. Conclusions: This study concludes that the feeding practices of the majority of the infants and young children in Pokhara are not adequate as per the WHO and UNICEF standards. Keywords: Breastfeeding; complementary feeding; IYCF; Pokhara.Publication Oral Mucosal Lesions in Patients Attending Dermatology Outpatient Department of a Tertiary Care Center in Kathmandu: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study(Nepal Medical Association, 2024) Karki, Alina; Manandhar, Varsha; Maharjan, Rupak; Maharjan, AlishaAbstract Introduction: Oral mucosal lesions though mostly benign, may impair the quality of life of patients. Some may even progress to malignancies. Many physicians, including dermatologists, tend to skip oral examinations, missing many important diagnoses. Understanding the frequency and types of oral mucosal lesions in dermatological settings can help in early diagnosis, referral and adequate treatment. This study was done to determine demographic characteristics and clinical presentations of patients with oral mucosal lesions presenting to the out-patient department (OPD) of dermatology in Nepal Armed Police Force (APF) Hospital, Kathmandu. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted after obtaining the ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee of Nepal APF Hospital. Retrospective data of 264 patients presenting with oral mucosal lesions to the dermatology OPD were collected from 1st January 2021 to 31st December 2023 by using a pre-formed proforma. Data was entered in SPSS software and descriptive statistics were computed. Results: Out of 13,832 cases, oral mucosal lesion was seen in 264 (1.90%) cases among which 153 (57.96%) cases were males with male female ratio of 1.37:1. Most common age group affected was 31-45 years 96 (36.36%). Buccal mucosa 86 (32.57%) was the commonest site involved followed by tongue 73 (27.65%). Aphthous ulcer 82 (31.06%) was the commonest lesion found followed by oral candidiasis 25 (9.46%) and oral lichen planus 24 (9.09%). Conclusions: Aphthous ulcer was the commonest oral mucosal lesion seen in patients visiting dermatology outpatient department of Nepal APF Hospital, with buccal mucosa being the commonest site affected.