Browsing by Author "Nanda, S"
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Publication Comparative Analysis of Birth Weight in a Hospital Over a Decade: Low Birth Weight Still a Major Problem Authors(Nepal Paediatric Society (JNPS), 2013) Sachdeva, S; Nanda, S; Sachdeva, RAbstract: Introduction: The objective of this study was to compare the magnitude of birth weight and proportion of low birth weight in a hospital over a decade. Materials and Methods: A descriptive study was undertaken in a public funded hospital catering to rural and urban population of northern India. Pertinent information was collected for all intramural singleton births using structured proforma for a sample period in a calendar year. For comparison purpose birth data was extracted from log books for the corresponding period of previous decade also. Data management was done using MS excel sheet and analysis carried out by computing descriptive statistics using software statistical package. Results: The mean (2568 + 596.7 gm) & median (2600 gm) birthweight recorded for 2011 was low in-comparison to 2657 + 581.7gm (2750 gm) for 2001. The prevalence of low birth weight (LBW) was 36.1% (2011) in comparison to 30.5% (2001) and the state of deterioration was found to be statistically significant (p<0.001). Higher proportion of LBW birth was observed amongst un-booked ANC, pre-term, anemic mothers and whose residence was from outside the district of location of study institute (<0.001). Statistically significant (<0.001) and higher perinatal mortality was noticed in LBW neonates. Rising level of maternal education was protective against LBW. Mothers with their first pregnancy gave higher proportion of LBW births in comparison to mothers with higher gravida status (<0.001).Publication Thyroid dysfunction in Down syndrome(Kathmandu University, 2006) Shaw, CK; Thapalial, A; Nanda, S; Shaw, PBackground: Down syndrome is associated with various forms of thyroid dysfunction, hypothyroidism being the most common. The additive effects of both co-morbid conditions lead to further amplification of the clinical problems in these children with Down syndrome. Objective: The purpose of this prospective study was to know the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in Down Syndrome children below the age of 14 years and to correlate the features of Down Syndrome with those of thyroid dysfunction. Methods: In all 32 Down syndrome children were grouped as euthyroid, compensated and uncompensated hypothyroidism on the basis of their T3, T4 and TSH levels and the features of were compared using the student’s t- test. Results: Hypothyroidism was seen in 5 out of 32 cases (15.6%) of which 1 (3.1%) had uncompensated while the other 4 (12.5%) had a compensated hypothyroidism. Hyperthyroidism was not observed in any of the cases. The prevalence of hypothyroidism of 16.7% on the age group 0 –1 year could well be a reflection of congenital hypothyroidism while 20% prevalence in the age group 9 – 12 could imply acquired hypothyroidism. The mean values of the developmental quotient (D.Q.) and the Rao’s index in Down syndrome cases with hypothyroidism was 49 ±5.1 and 0.15 ± 0.06 respectively while that of euthyroid Down syndrome patients were 52 ± 5.54 and 0.17 ± 0.04 respectively (‘p’ value > 0.05), the differences though obvious yet not statistically significant. Conclusion: It thus seems necessary to screen all Down syndrome children for thyroid dysfunction. Key words: Down syndrome, hypothyroidism