NepMed Repository :: Browsing by Author "Nepal, S"

Browsing by Author "Nepal, S"

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Awareness and Perceptions of Medical Students towards Health Care Ethics - A Study from Nepal
(Kathmandu University, 2017) Nepal, S; Atreya, A; Kanchan, T
ABSTRACT Background Medical practitioners are the men of science who treat patients based on their knowledge and skill. Unethical and immoral conduct in the practice of medicine pertains to human right issues and litigation. Objective The present study is conducted to understand the perceptions and awareness of the moral and ethical responsibilities of future medical doctors in Nepalese scenario. Method This cross sectional study was carried out among the undergraduate medical students of Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara, Nepal who were administered a pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire relating to various aspects of health care ethics. A total of 202 students (116 girls and 86 boys) voluntarily participated in the study. Based upon the criteria whether a student had attended forensic medicine lecture the study participants were thus divided into two groups Group I and Group II. The responses of the participants were obtained on a 5 point Likert scale and analyzed. Result The study observed that the overall awareness on issues regarding consent was proportionately higher than for issues dealing with patient’s right to treatment. The awareness levels were similar among the students of both groups for most of the issues with exception of a few issues where awareness levels were higher among the Group II students when compared to the Group I students. Conclusion This present study attempts to present the assessment of students on issues relating to ethics and moral reasoning. The present study also emphasizes on the importance of ethics in the practice of medicine. KEY WORDS Awareness, Health care ethics, Medical students
Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Human Milk Banking among Antenatal Mothers Attending Antenatal Clinic
(Kathmandu University, 2024) Dhakal, RD; Upreti, R; Nepal, S; Dahal, BD; Adhikari, P
ABSTRACT Background Breast milk is the ideal food that has essential nutrients for the normal growth and development of infants. It contains antibodies that help to protect against many common childhood illnesses. For infants who cannot receive breast milk from their own mothers, due to maternal illness, death, medication, disability, insufficient milk production, allergies, or prematurity, donated breastmilk can become the ideal option. Objective To assess the knowledge and attitude regarding human milk banking among antenatal mothers. Method A cross-sectional analytical research was conducted among 422 antenatal mothers attending the antenatal outpatient department of Bharatpur hospital from date 04 November to 04 December 2022. Systematic random sampling was used to select the study unit. A semi-structured interview schedule was adopted to collect the data. Collected data were analyzed by using Descriptive statistics as well as inferential statistics. Result Out of 422 mothers, the majority 58.8 % had poor knowledge and 55.9% had a negative attitude toward human milk banking. There was a significant association between poor knowledge and negative attitude with some socio-demographic variables such as age (AOR=2.16; 95%CI= 1.372-3.401; p=0.001), history of adverse pregnancy outcome (AOR =6.202 95% CI=1.786-21.54;p=0.004), occupation (AOR= 1.906; 95% CI = 1.246-2.915; p=0.003). Conclusion It is concluded that the majority of the respondents had poor knowledge and a negative attitude regarding human milk banking.Knowledge and awareness of human milk banking, play a major role to remove misperceptions about human milk donation and banking. Therefore, proper dissemination of information about human milk bank services, is necessary. KEY WORDS Antenatal Clinic, Antenatal mother, Human milk bank, Knowledge and attitude
Morphological Variation of Lip Patterns among Nepali Adults
(Kathmandu University, 2024) Atreya, A; Yadav, PP; Acharya, B; Menezes, RG; Nepal, S; Khanal, K
ABSTRACT Background Lip patterns are normal lines and fissures in the form of wrinkles and grooves present in the zone of transition of the human lip between the inner labial mucosa and the outer skin. Lip patterns are said to be unchangeable and unique. Objective To determine predominant lip patterns found among the Nepali population and to evaluate whether any sex difference exists. Method This study included 411 healthy adult Nepali comprising 215 males and 196 females in the age group of 18-27 years. The data was collected using an automated mode Canon EOS 3000D 18MP camera with an 18-55 mm lens. Lip patterns were then divided into four quadrants using Suzuki and Tsuchihashi’s classification system. Result Lip pattern Type I (29.56%) was found to be the most common lip pattern in the study population. Sex-wise, Type I was the most common pattern with a prevalence of 28.72% in males and 30.48% in females. Applying the Chi-square test, a statistically significant difference (p 0.05) was not achieved in all the quadrants. Conclusion There is a marked variation observed between the findings of the present study when compared to previous Nepali studies. Being insignificant to sex differences, lip patterns should not be used as a useful resource in forensic casework for sex discrimination. KEY WORDS Cheiloscopy, Identification, Lip pattern, Nepal, Sexual dimorphism
Obligate Myiasis: A Case Series From Nepal
(Kathmandu University, 2018) Atreya, A; Nepal, S; Bhattarai, A; Kanchan, T
ABSTRACT Although maggots are unanonymously linked to carcass or dead tissues, there are reports of its infestation into living tissues as well. Myiasis denotes maggot infestation in living tissue. There are two forms of myiasis namely obligate and facultative. Obligate myiasis denotes maggots feeding on living tissue whereas facultative myiasis represents the opportunistic behaviour of the fly taking advantage of wound or necrotic tissue, laying by eggs which hatch into maggots. Decreased physical activity and poor hygiene leads to maggot infestation. Maggot invasion of living tissues is undesirable occurrence which can best be avoided by improving hygiene. People with low living standards in the developing nations are the occasional victims for maggot infestations. We present cases of obligate myiasis for their uniqueness and rarity. KEY WORDS Hygiene, Maggots, Myiasis
Pressure Cooker - A Potential Hazard in Domestic Setting
(Kathmandu University, 2016) Atreya, A; Kanchan, T; Nepal, S
ABSTRACT Pressure cooker is an integral part of Asian kitchen, and is frequently used in Nepal. Steam under pressure generated while cooking has high boiling point and great penetrating power. The use of pressure cooker in kitchen is associated with unintentional injuries that mostly include pressure cooker burns. In rare instances the pressure cooker may accidently explode and may cause serious injuries. The same mechanism is used in making explosive device for mass homicides. An unusual case of penetrating facial injury sustained in a pressure cooker explosion in a domestic setting is reported along with a brief review of literature on pressure cooker explosions. KEY WORDS Domestic accidents, explosion, facial injury, foreign body, Nepal, pressure cooker
Saree on Fireside: Fatal Burn in an Elderly Nepalese Female
(Kathmandu University, 2022) Atreya, A; Bashyal, G; Gyawali, L; Acharya, J; Nepal, S
ABSTRACT As winter approaches, people in the land of rural Himalayas commonly use fire as the source of heat. Many accidents occur in the process, and mostly the victims are among unattended children and the elderlies. We present a case from rural Nepal where an elderly female sustained fatal burn injuries. Advanced age, greater surface area, and secondary infection were the complicating factors. In the present case, the victim’s clad cloth (Saree) was the harbinger to death. Prevention of infection following burn and control of sepsis still remains the mainstay of treatment in burn victims. KEY WORDS Burn injury, Elderly, Nepal, Saree, Sepsis
Study on Hanging with Brief Discussion upon Ambiguity in Method of Choice and Gender Differences for Completed Suicide in Existing Literatures in Nepalese Scenario
(Kathmandu University, 2019) Atreya, A; Nepal, S; Kanchan, T
ABSTRACT Background Hanging is one of the common forms of violent mechanical asphyxial deaths. When compared to other forms of unnatural death all over the world this method stands on top as death is instantaneous. Death due to hanging is always suicidal until and unless otherwise specified. Objective To explore the socio-demographic characteristics in cases of death due to completed hanging in Nepal. Method This prospective study of death due to hanging was conducted during the period of July 2011 to July 2013. Meticulous autopsy of the body was done in all cases with bloodless dissection of the neck was carried out. Result During the study period medico legal autopsy of 91 cases of death due to hanging was conducted, out of which 57 (63%) were males and 34 (37%) were females. Majority of the deceased were suspended at their own house or peri-domestic settings. Based upon the circumstantial evidences 95.61% (n=87) cases attributed to suicide in nature. Conclusion Hanging undoubtedly is one of the most preferred methods to commit suicide, popular for its lethality. Lack of suicide surveillance system and national data bank in Nepal has resulted into equivocal findings. More studies should be encouraged based upon autopsy findings to get a clear picture on mortality rates. KEY WORDS Asphyxia, Hanging, Hyoid bone, Medico legal autopsy
Work-related Respiratory Symptoms and Associated Factors among Cement Factory Workers in Rupandehi District, Nepal
(Kathmandu University, 2021) Paudel, L; Regmi, S; Dahal, P; Ghimire, M; Nepal, S; Manandhar, N
ABSTRACT Background Cement factory workers are exposed to cement dust at workplace. It leads to a greater prevalence of chronic respiratory signs and symptoms. Objective To identify the prevalence of Work-related respiratory symptoms, its association with various risk factors, and to assess the outcomes like hospitalization and sickness absenteeism. Method Cross-sectional study was conducted in the Argakhanchi Cement factory among 190 workers with minimum work experience of 1 year. Census method was used for data collection. To assess the respiratory symptoms, sputum samples were collected; smears prepared by pick and smear method, and later stained by Leishman and pap stain. Smears devoid of alveolar macrophages were considered unsatisfactory for evaluation. Result The mean age of respondents with standard deviation was 35.56±11.45 years. The prevalence of Work-related respiratory symptoms was 31.6%. Age, no. of years worked, working in the raw materials department, burner and clinker department, cleaning department and wearing mask were the significant risk factors. On cytological analysis of the sputum sample, mild inflammatory cell noticed in 71.6%, moderate inflammation in 23.7%, and dense inflammation in 4.2%. Fungal spores were seen in 3.7%, fungal pseudohyphae in 0.5%, and bacterial colonies in 27% of the sputum samples. Out of 190 participants, 8(4.2%) of them had to be hospitalized and 17(8.9%) were on sick leave due to respiratory symptoms. Conclusion Pre-employment and periodic medical examination, frequent work shift, training on occupational health and safety, use of appropriate personnel protective equipment is recommended to reduce respiratory symptoms. KEY WORDS Cement factory workers, Rupandehi district, Work-related respiratory symptoms

Browsing by Author "Nepal, S"

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