Browsing by Author "Ojha, Neebha"
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Publication Spectrum of Obstetrics Case Referrals(Nepal Health Research Council, 2025) Ghimire, Asmita; Shrestha, Reshika; Yadav, Jeshika; Thapaliya, Ishwor; Sapkota, Sangrila; Khatiwoda, Susmita; Ojha, NeebhaBackground: Maternal health is an important focus for ensuring the well-being of both mothers and their babies. Maternal and fetal mortality which is a burning issue especially in third world countries can be reduced significantly with right obstetric referral. This study reviewed the primary reasons, time, distance, and pattern of obstetric cases referred to a tertiary center. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted after taking ethical approval {Approval number 136 (6-11) E2} from the review board of Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Nepal, and data of three years from 1st August 2020- 31st September 2023 were analyzed from medical records. The study included all referral cases aged 18-45 years who were past 28 weeks of gestation till 42 days post-delivery. Women who had incomplete medical records were excluded from the study. A continuous convenience sampling method was used. The point estimate was calculated at a 95% confidence interval. Results: Among 174 referred cases, 84 (48.28%) were from the government district-level hospitals with the predominant reason being medical disorders complicating pregnancy 136 (78.17%). The majority of cases 94 (54.02%) were referred during the intrapartum period. Conclusions: Medical disorders complicating pregnancy were the primary cause for the referral in obstetrics cases, notably from district-level hospitals having less manpower to deal with those cases. Keywords: Hospital; maternal mortality; obstetric; pregnancy; referrals.Publication The Association Between ABO Blood Groups and Adenomyosis(Nepal Health Research Council, 2025) Pun, Sunita; Ojha, Neebha; Koirala, PoonamBackground: Several studies have investigated the relationships between female reproductive diseases and ABO blood groups. However, evidence regarding the potential association between ABO blood groups and adenomyosis remains limited. The aim of the study, thus, was to investigate the association between ABO blood groups and the risk of developing adenomyosis in Nepalese women. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the department of obstetrics and gynecology, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Maharajgunj, from 2016 to 2017. Statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS, 29). Odd ratio with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals, and P-value were calculated and analyzed. A P-value equal or < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 249 with recorded ABO groups were included in this study. Of these, 85 cases (34%) were histologically confirmed to have adenomyosis. The most frequent ABO blood group was B (43%), while the least frequent group was AB (6%). Women with blood group B had a significantly increased risk of developing adenomyosis, with an odds ratio of 2.3 (95% CI: 1.22-4.43, P value = 0.01). Conversely, blood group A was associated with a significantly reduced risk of adenomyosis, with an odds ratio of 0.41 (95% CI: 0.19-0.89, P value= 0.03). Conclusions: This study demonstrated that women with blood group B have a 2.3-fold higher risk of developing adenomyosis, whereas those with blood group A may have a protective effect. Multicenter studies with larger sample sizes and diverse demographics groups are needed to substantiate these findings. Key Words: Adenomyosis; ABO blood group; risk factors.