Browsing by Author "P, Partha"
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Publication Intensive care unit drug utilization in a teaching hospital in Nepal(Kathmandu University, 2005) PR, Shankar; P, Partha; AK, Dubey; P, Mishra; VY, DeshpandeObjectives: The intensive care unit (ICU) is a setting where a large number of drugs are administered to patients and the costs of hospitalization and drug treatment are high. Information on drug utilization in intensive care units (ICUs) are lacking in western Nepal. The present study was carried out to obtain information on the basic demographic pattern of the respondents , drug utilization during the study period, the antibiotic sensitivity patterns of isolated microorganisms and measure drug consumption in defined daily dose (DDD)/ 100 bed-days. Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients admitted to the ICU of the Manipal Teaching hospital, Pokhara, Nepal during the time period from 01/02/2002 to 31/05/2002 was carried out. The ICU mortality rate, length of stay greater than 7 days and median length of stay were calculated. Results: A total of 259 individuals were admitted. The ICU mortality rate was 15.4%; median length of stay was 4 days. E.coli, H.influenzae, K.pneumoniae, S.aureus and P.aeruginosa were the common organisms isolated and were found to be resistant to some of the commonly used antibiotics. Mean ± SD number of drugs and cost of drugs were 5.1 ± 2.7 and 1958.5 ± 1267.8 Nepalese rupees (25.1 ± 16.2 US$). Total drug consumption was 356.4 DDD/100 bed-days. Consumption of intravenous fluids was 25.8 litres/100 bed-days. Conclusions: An antibiotic use policy should be framed. Formation of a multidisciplinary team to oversee drug use and periodically review microbial sensitivity patterns will be helpful. Longitudinal surveillance of ICU drug use should be carried out. Key words: Antibiotic sensitivity patterns, Defined daily dose, Drug utilization, Intensive care unitPublication Knowledge about heart attack and hypertension among individuals attending a cardiac camp in Pokhara city(Kathmandu University, 2007) PR, Shankar; P, Partha; N, Shenoy; TS, Chandrasekhar; AK, DubeyObjectives: Previous studies in other countries had shown lacunae in patients’ and general publics’ understanding of cardiovascular diseases. Such studies are lacking in Nepal. Hence the present study was carried out to: a) note the respondent’s knowledge regarding myocardial infarction and hypertension and b) note the association, if any, of the knowledge with demographic and personal characteristics. Materials and methods: Respondents attending a cardiac camp organized in the Manipal Teaching hospital during September 2002 were interviewed by previously briefed seventh semester students using a structured questionnaire. Basic demographic information and knowledge about myocardial infarction and hypertension was collected. The median score was calculated. Differences in scores among different subgroups of respondents were noted using appropriate statistical tests (p<0.05). Results: Sixty-six respondents were interviewed; 44 were male. The knowledge scores for heart attack and hypertension were 6 (maximum score 8) and 11 (maximum score 14) respectively. The scores were significantly lower among respondents with a monthly family income below 2000 rupees and was higher among respondents/family members suffering from cardiovascular disease. Conclusion: The respondents were aware of the basic facts regarding myocardial infarction and hypertension. However, lacunae in knowledge were noted. Further studies are required. Key words: Hypertension, Knowledge, Myocardial infarction, Nepal