NepMed Repository :: Browsing by Author "Panta, OB"

Browsing by Author "Panta, OB"

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A Retrospective Study of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Acute Encephalitis Syndrome
(Institute of Medicine, 2015) Songmen, S; Panta, OB; Maharjan, S; Paudel, S; Ansari, MA; Ghimire, RK
Abstract Introduction: MRI is the imaging modality of choice to investigate acute encephalitis and is recommended in all patients as soon as possible in whom diagnosis is uncertain. This study aimed to study the pattern of brain involvement in MRI in patients with acute encephalitis syndrome and to correlate the findings with clinical and laboratory data. Methods: The study was a retrospective hospital record based review conducted at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital. MRI and records of patients undergoing MRI for acute encephalitis syndrome during two years duration was studied. Data analysis was done using IBM SPSS 20.0. Results: A total of 47 MRI were studied among which 11(23.40%) were pediatric and 36(76.59%) were adult population. Edema was the commonest manifestation. Cerebral hemisphere (temporal lobe) was the commonest location involved 34(72.3%). Basal ganglia and thalamus involvement was also fairly common. Five (26.31%) out of 19 patients had positive Japanese encephalitis, 5(26.31%) had HSV antigen positive serology and in 8(42.10%) no etiology could be found. Posterior fossa and basal ganglia involvement was the most predominant findings in Japanese encephalitis and involvement of medial temporal lobe was seen in all cases of Herpes encephalitis. Fifteen patients had good prognosis: complete recovery or minimal residual deficit, while four patients were either dead or left against medical advice. Conclusion: Medial temporal lobe involvement was seen in all cases of Herpes encephalitis; and thalamus and basal ganglia involvement was predominant pattern in Japanese encephalitis. Posterior fossa involvement was common probably due to a non-conventional etiological agent. Keywords: Acute Encephalitis Syndrome, MRI, Herpes encephalitis
Evaluation of Hounsfield Unit in adult brain structures by CT
(Institute of Medicine, 2016) Mishra, D; Ghimire, RK; Chand, RB; Thapa, N; Panta, OB
Abstract Introduction: The purpose of study was to evaluate the Hounsfield unit (HU) values in adult brain structures by computed tomography (CT). Hounsfield units (HU) describe relative densities of structures by CT. Different pathological process causes the change in attenuation by different tissues resulting in change of HU of the tissues so we should know the normal HU values to track the changes. These HU values are correlated with different clinical condition and different slice thickness. Methods: A prospective study was done in 72 patients of age above 18 years. All CT scans were performed using 16 row multi-detector CT (Neusoft New Viz16). Two sets of images were reconstructed first one with 5 X 5 mm and second one with 3 X 3 mm slice thickness. For quantitative analysis, HU measurements were obtained by drawing elliptical/ circular region-of-interests (ROI) on various anatomical structures on both 5mm and 3mm slice images. Statistical analysis was done with t test,one way ANOVA and descriptive analysis. Results: HU values for different anatomical area were: thalamus 34.50±1.92, caudate nucleus 36.64±2.01, internal capsule 31.40±2.16, pons 32.70± 2.39, dentate nucleus 30.70±2.22, cerebellar peduncle 30.90±2.37, hemisphere 39.62±2.38, vermis36.77±2.39, lateral ventricle 9.86±2.60, putamen 36.66±1.65, globus pallidus, 36.68±1.87, juxta 28.28±2.42, periventricular 29.18±2.78, deep 27.13±2.06, cortex 34.26±2.25, subcortical 27.36±2.49, corpus callosum 28.71±1.98. There was significant difference in HU values of genu of internal capsule, caudate nucleus, periventricular white matter, dentate nucleus, cerebellar peduncle & hemisphere for the 5mm and 3mm slice thickness. Conclusion: HU of gray and white matter of brain were 34.54 ± 2.54 and 28.25 ±2.00 respectively Keywords: Attenuation, Brain, Computed Tomography, Hounsfield Unit, Slice thickness
Medical Abortion Versus Manual Vacuum Aspiration in a Hilly District Hospital of Eastern Nepal: A Comparative Study
(Kathmandu University, 2013) Panta, OB; Bhattarai, D; Parajuli, N
ABSTRACT Backgroud Nepal government has approved medical abortion and manual vacuum aspiration for early first trimester pregnancy. Both the procedures have been approved by World Health Organization for use in early first trimester. Objectives The study aims to compare efficacy and safety of medical abortion with surgical abortion in a district hospital of rural eastern Nepal. Method An observational study conducted in district hospital, dhankuta from July 2010 to January 2011. Clients for abortion services were counseled about methods of abortion and were allowed to make decision on their own and classified as medical abortion group (N=48) (receiving 200milligram Mifepristone followed by 800 microgram misoprostol sublingually or vaginally on day two)and manual vacuum aspiration group (N=36). The two groups were compared for rate of complete abortion and other complications and contraception use after procedure. Results Rate of complete abortion was similar in both groups, 95.8% among medical abortion and 97.2% in manual vacuum aspiration. Moderate to severe expulsion bleeding was reported in 91.6% of cases after Medical Abortion but none required medical attention for hemorrhage. Condom was the most preferred contraceptive in medical abortion group and depo provera in manual vacuum aspiration group. Conclusion Medical method of abortion using mifepristone and misoprostol is equally safe and effective as manual vacuum aspiration in rural setting district hospitals of Nepal. KEY WORD Contraception, manual vacuum aspiration, medical abortion
MRI Pattern of Lumbosacral Degeneration in Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Nepal
(Institute of Medicine, 2015) Ansari, MA; Subedi, K; Panta, OB; Suwal, S
Abstract Introduction: The economical and social burden of degenerative disc disease remains unclear in Nepal due to lack of systematic data. However, considering the large volumes of spinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performed for low back pain and/or radiculopathy, this has become the prime problems in all spinal care facilities in Nepal. Spinal MRIs constitute approximately sixty percent of the MRI performed in the Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital (TUTH). This study is being conducted to review the pattern of degeneration of lumbosacral spine in patients referred for MRI at TUTH. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at TUTH. Patients with low back pain and or radiculopathy undergoing MRI in the previous 5 months were included in the study. Patients with trauma and or conditions other than degenerative processes were excluded in the study. The findings were recorded and analyzed using SPSS. Results: A total of 301 patients were included in the study. Age ranged from 16 to 83 years, mean age being 42 years. Highest number of patients were in the 30-40 years age group (26.2%). Male to female ratio was 1.22. Disc bulge was the most common finding, seen in 77.7% followed by protrusion (58.5%), extrusion (3.9%) and sequestration (0.3%). Foraminal stenosis (68.4%) was the most common complication followed by central canal stenosis (51.8%) and nerve root compression (37.8%). Disc protrusion was the most significant (p<0.05) predictor of complications (nerve root compression, foraminal stenosis and central canal stenosis). Conclusion: The study shows that degenerative disc diseases remain the cause of morbidity in the most productive years of life (30-40 years of age). Large volumes of MRIs performed for this condition represent significant economic and healthcare burden in a developing country like Nepal as well. Keywords: disc degeneration, lumbosacral spine, MRI
Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformation: A Rare Cause of Right to Left Shunt
(Institute of Medicine, 2015) Panta, OB; Songmen, S; Ansari, MA; Ghimire, RK
Abstract Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations are rare anomalies where pulmonary arteries and veins communicate by passing the pulmonary capillary bed. They are mostly congenital in origin, however sometimes may be acquired. They may present as a diagnostic dilemma in plain radiography. Computed tomography angiogram has emerged as the diagnostic modality of choice not only for diagnosing the case but also for delineating the angioarchitecture that is useful in treatment planning by surgery or transcatheter embolisation. Here we present a case of a child with large pulmonary arteriovenous malformation being treated as pneumonia and finally diagnosed on computed tomography angiogram. Keywords: Computed tomography, Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation, Right to left shunt
Ultrasound elastography of liver: How Radiologist can help
(Institute of Medicine, 2017) Maharjan, S; Panta, OB; Lohani, B; Pathak, YR; Ansari, MA
Abstract Conventional Ultrasonography imaging does not provide information on mechanical properties of body tissues. Advances in ultrasound like contrast enhanced ultrasound, multiplaner 3D ultrasound and elastography have improved the performance of ultrasound in detection and characterization of pathologies and also has added a new dimension to conventional imaging technique. At this time, the use of elastography is not recommended for characterization of focal liver lesions, however in diffuse liver diseases Ultrasound elastography finds a role in identifying, classifying and grading fibrosis. Liver biopsy has been regarded as the gold standard to detect and classify liver fibrosis. However, due to high cost, inherent complications, invasive nature and its observer and sampling inadequacy, alternative methods to biopsy like Ultrasound elastography might have a role to play in detecting and grading liver fibrosis. This review focuses on the type of elastography and its role and applicability in various liver pathologies. Keywords: Elastography, Liver fibrosis, Stiffness, Ultrasonography

Browsing by Author "Panta, OB"

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