Browsing by Author "Paudel, IS"
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Publication A Study of Prevalence of Taenia Infestation and Associated Risk Factors Among the School Children of Dharan(Kathmandu University, 2012) Sah, RB; Pokharel, PK; Paudel, IS; Acharya, A; Jha, N; Bhattarai, SABSTRACT Background Taenia prevalence has remained high among certain ethnic groups and occupational diseases in Nepal. Taenia saginata and Taenia solium species are worldwide in distribution. Infection is found most often in rural areas of developing countries with poor hygiene and living in close contact with pigs and eating undercooked pork meats. This allows the tapeworm infection to be completed and its cycle to continue. Objectives To measure the prevalence of taenia infestation and to identify risk factors associated with taenia infestation among the school children of Dharan. Methods A cross sectional study was conducted among 935 Government and private school going children of Grade VI, VII, and VIII of Dharan during 2007 to 2008. Stratified random sampling method was applied to choose the schools and the study subjects. The prevalence was calculated, Chi-square test was used to measure the association of risk factors and taenia infestation. Results Taenia species was found to be high (5.5%) among the school children of Dharan. Infection rate of taenia among the male children (6.0%) was slightly higher than female (4.8%). There were no cases of taenia infestation found among children washing hands with soap. Regarding meat consumption in the non-vegetarian group, taenia infestation was found higher (6.5%) among pork eating than non- pork eating (4.7%). No significant relationship was traced among the factors in the causation of taenia infestation although slight indications present. Conclusion Taenia species was found very high among the school children of Dharan. No such association was found with the risk factors. KEY WORDS Prevalence, risk factors, taenia infestation, school children, DharanPublication Factors Contributing to Antenatal Care and Delivery Prac- tices in Village Development Committees of Ilam District, Nepal(Kathmandu University, 2013) Pradhan, PMS; Bhattarai, S; Paudel, IS; Gaurav, K; Pokharel, PKABSTRACT Background Proper antenatal care and good delivery practice helps to prevent the complications of childbirth and ensures a wholesome maternal and child health in the future. Almost half of the births in the developing countries take place without a skilled birth attendant. Objectives To assess the antenatal care (ANC) and delivery practices in the Village Development Committees (VDC) of Ilam district, Nepal and to identify the relationship with the socio-demographic factors. Method Cross sectional study of 262 mothers of reproductive age group having at least one child of less than five years of age, selected by simple random sampling, was carried out over different VDCs of Ilam by face to face interview using semi-structured questionnaire. Results Among 262 mothers, 34.7% were married before the age of 18 years. 69.5% of the mothers had attended four antenatal care visits. Nearly 47% of the deliveries were conducted at home out of which only 33.6% were conducted by skilled birth attendant. Number of children and maternal education were found to significantly affect the ANC visit and place of delivery. Age at marriage and age at first pregnancy were significantly associated with the place of delivery. Conclusion Large proportion of mothers still do not have adequate antenatal visits and this is supported by the fact that nearly half of the deliveries were conducted at home. Motivation and incentives are required for pregnant mothers especially in rural areas regarding importance of adequate antenatal visits and delivery in health institutions. Population policies should be aimed at reducing proportion of women marrying and giving birth in their teens. KEY WORDS Antenatal care, delivery practices, home delivery, pregnancy, NepalPublication Prevalence and determinants of unmet need for family planning in a district of eastern region of Nepal(Kathmandu University, 2006) Bhandari, GP; KC, Premarajan; Jha, N; Yadav, BK; Paudel, IS; Nagesh, SObjectives: The unmet need for family planning is defined as the discrepancy between individual’s contraceptive behaviors and their stated fertility preferences – The extent of which is very high in developing countries like Nepal. This study explores the unmet need and its determinants. Methods: Among the teaching district of B.P. Koirala institute of Health Sciences, in the Eastern Region of Nepal, a district was selected randomly to conduct a cross-sectional study. A total of 1079 women were selected using systematic random sampling. We compared different demographic variables and sex-ration to unmet need by using means, percentage and applied chi-squared test where applicable. Result: The extent of unmet need is 25 percent with 9.5 percent for spacing and 15.5 percent for limiting. The mean age at marriage is 16(±3.2) years. A strong association of gender preferences towards male child and unmet need exist, which is highly significant. Conclusion: Unmet need is high despite extensive family planning program in Nepal. Mean age at marriage below legal age, low female education and gender discrimination are the factors responsible for unmet need.