Browsing by Author "Pokhrel, Kailash Mani"
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Publication Mini-Nutritional Assessment Questionnaire for Assessing the Nutritional Status of Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Cross-sectionalStudy(Institute of Medicine, 2025) Bam, Niraj; Shrestha, Bibek; Timla, Bipashna; Pokhrel, Kailash ManiAbstract Introduction Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has systemic effects like malnutrition that increase morbidity and mortality. Nutritional assessment in COPD is not adequately addressed in Nepal even though the assessment is clinically relevant. The objective of the study is to determine the nutritional status of COPD patients based on MNA and to evaluate the correlation between the MNA and demographic, anthropometric and spirometry variables. Methods The study involved 140 stable COPD patients, who were studied using cross-sectional study design. Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) was used to determine the nutritional status. Demographic variables, anthropometric and spirometry parameters and clinical variables were taken. The associations were compared based on chi-square, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson correlation whereby p < 0.05 was regarded as significant. Results GOLD stage was associated with nutritional status (p = 0.034), and BMI differed across nutritional categories (p < 0.001). No association was observed between nutritional status and spirometry indices or dyspnea grade (all p > 0.05). MNA score showed a moderately positive correlation with BMI (r = 0.501, p < 0.001), whereas no correlation was noted with FEV1 or mMRC grade. These findings suggest that nutritional impairment is more closely related to anthropometric parameters than to pulmonary function. Conclusion COPD patients have a high prevalence of malnutrition, and poorer nutritional status was associated with more advanced GOLD stages. COPD management should include routine MNA screening and early nutritional interventions to improve clinical outcomes. Keywords: Body mass index, COPDPublication Pattern of Blood Products Consumption in a Teaching Hospital(Nepal Health Research Council, 2024) Shrestha, Lava; Gurung, Numaya; Mahotra, Narayan Bahadur; Pradhan, Sait; Ghimire, Ananda; Pokhrel, Kailash Mani; Khanal, Kapil; Dhungana, Reechashree; Gautam, Naveen; Kandel, Sabita; Chaudhary, SonamBackground: Blood transfusions are lifesaving, but resource limitations and inadequate utilization patterns pose challenges in low- and middle-income countries. In Nepal, detailed analyses of blood use practices, are needed to inform resource allocation and policy decisions. The objective of this study was to study the overall and component-specific use, explore temporal trends in utilization of blood and blood products. Methods: We conducted an observational study analyzing data from Blood Bank of Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital (TUTH), a tertiary hospital (January 1st - December 31st, 2019). Data included patient demographics, blood groups, blood products requested and transfused, and facility type. Data analysis was conducted with SPSS v20. Results: Patients from TUTH had substantially higher blood product requests, requesting 25,716 units compared to only 1855 units across other centers combined. Blood groups A positive (8089, 31.4%) and and O positive (7851, 30.6%) were the most requested blood groups. Whole blood (11358, 44.2%) and packed red blood cells (9565, 37.2%) were most frequently requested. We observed monthly fluctuations in demand with peak of 2742 requests in December with a trough in June (1947 units). Notably, only approximately 46% of blood products requested from patients admitted to TUTH were ultimately transfused. Conclusions: Whole blood and packed red blood cells were the most frequently requested blood products. Eventhough whole blood was the most frequently requested blood product, the most transfused one was packed red cells. Peak demand was observed in December. Our study provides valuable insights into blood utilization patterns, underscoring the need for specific strategies to improve blood transfusion management practices. Keywords: Blood banking; blood transfusion; blood utilization; LMICs. Nepal.