Browsing by Author "Poudel, Prakash"
Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Publication Assessment of Nutritional Status of Children Attending Paediatrics OPD of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Eastern Nepal(Nepal Paediatric Society (JNPS), 2017) Thakur, Jitendra; Bhatta, Nisha Keshary; Poudel, Prakash; Shah, Gouri Shankar; Singh, Rupa RajbandariAbstract: Introduction: Malnutrition is one of the major health problem worldwide, especially in developing world and so is in Nepal, the causes being numerous. The objectives of this study were to assess the nutritional status of children attending paediatric OPD of BPKIHS and to find relation of the nutritional status with different factors. Material and Methods: This descriptive cross sectional study was done by face to face interviews using semi-structured questionnaire and anthropometric variables were recorded. Data of total 192 children was analysed by descriptive statistics. p-value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: According to IAP classification 50.52% were malnourished [grade I 65.97%, grade II 26.8%, grade III 7.21%]. According to WHO classification 47.39% stuntedmoderate 89%, severe 11% and 9.89% wasted [moderate 94.73%, severe 5.26%]. Female sex, low education level in mother, low economic status, unavailability of exclusive breast feeding, low birth spacing and hospitalization were significantly associated with malnutrition. Conclusion: Malnutrition is common in children visiting paediatric OPD of BPKIHS. Female sex, maternal illiteracy, poverty, early weaning, birth spacing and hospitalization in past were major risk factors for malnutrition.Publication Colonic Strictures after Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Infants: Case Series(Nepal Paediatric Society (JNPS), 2011) Chakya, Vikal Chandra; Agrawal, Chandra Shekhar; Shrestha, Amit Bahadur; Pradhan, Anju; Poudel, Prakash; Sah, Pannalal; Adhikary, ShaileshAbstract: The fate of neonates with necrotizing enterocolitis is variable, with colonic strictures being one rare phenomenon after the insult. We describe here two infants with colonic strictures, which developed secondary to neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis. Infants recovered or in the process of recovery after it should be investigated for possibility of development of colonic strictures.Publication Maternal Risk Factors and Morbidity Pattern of Very Low Birth Weight Infants: A NICU Based Study at Eastern Nepal(Nepal Paediatric Society (JNPS), 2009) Poudel, Prakash; Budhathoki, Sunil; Shrivastava, Manoj KumarAbstract: Background: Preterm deliveries of babies weighing less than 1500 grams (VLBW, very low birth weight) are of major concern because of maximum perinatal morbidity and mortality found in this group. VLBW babies overload the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and their mortality contributes significantly to neonatal and infant mortality. Objectives: To study the common maternal risk factors associated with VLBW births. To study the morbidity and mortality patterns of VLBW babies. Methods: This was a hospital based retrospective study done in NICU of BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences. Data were collected from medical records of VLBW babies admitted in NICU over a period of three years (13 April 2005 to 12 April 2008). Data were analyzed with SPSS 10.0 software. Results: Data of 140 VLBW babies were analyzed. Mean birth weight was 1188.9 (±212.78), 10.7% were home deliveries, 24.3% were twins, 31.4% required active resuscitation at birth and 46.4% were exposed to antenatal steroid. Common maternal risk factors associated with premature deliveries were inadequate antenatal check up (ANC) visits (95.7%), twin pregnancy (24.3%), antepartum hemorrhage (APH, 28.6%), premature rupture of membrane (23.6%), pregnancy induced hypertension (12.9%), bad obstetric history (12.9%) and maternal age less than 20 years (8.6%). Common morbidities among VLBW babies were clinical sepsis (77.1%), non physiological hyperbilirubinemia (73.6%), apnea (48.6%), shock (42.9%), hypoglycemia(39.3%), anemia (29.3%), hyaline membrane disease (HMD, 21.4%), patent ductus arteriosus (15.0%), severe hypothermia (12.1%), culture proven sepsis (15.7%), retinopathy of prematurity (5.7%), and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (3.6%). Overall survival was 54.3% and major causes of death were HMD (51.0%) and sepsis (34.7%). Median durations of hospital stay were 17.5 days for survivors and five days for expired cases. Conclusion: Increasing the coverage of ANC visits, early diagnosis and treatment of APH and pregnancy induced hypertension, discouraging the childbirth at too young age, early diagnosis and treatment of acute infections and chronic medical diseases in mothers are important measures to decrease the burden of VLBW births. Common morbidities in VLBW babies are sepsis, HMD, apnea, hyperbilirubinemia, patent ductus arteriosus, shock, anemia, hypoglycemia, hypothermia and hypocalcemia. Common causes death of VLBW babies are HMD and sepsis. Overall survival of VLBW babies in our settings is less. More numbers of well equipped NICUs and services like surfactant therapy are needed to improve survival of VLBW infants in our set up.Publication Pain and Oral Health Related Quality of LIfe among Patients Undergoing Fixed Orthodontic Treatment: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study(Nepal Medical Association, 2020) Poudel, Prakash; Dahal, Sirjana; Thapa, Vivek BikramKeywords: fixed orthodontic treatment, oral health impact profile-14, pain Abstract Introduction: Fixed orthodontic procedures such as separator placement, archwire placement and activations, application of orthopaedic forces, and debonding of brackets produce pain in patients. This study was conducted to assess pain and oral health-related quality of life among patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 152 orthodontic patients of a teritary care center from January 2019 to October 2019 after receiving ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee (Ref. no. 2311201813). Convenience sampling method was done to select the participants. Oral health-related quality of life using “Oral Health Impact Profile-14†and pain experienced during the first month of fixed orthodontic treatment were assessed. Data analysis for calculation of frequency and proportion was done in Statistical Package of Social Sciences. Results: Mean pain score of the study participants was 5.05±2.07 and their mean oral health impact was 12.71±7.27. Most of the study participants 86 (56.58%), had experienced moderate pain due to orthodontic treatment. Out of the reported impacts, 134 (88.2%) had painful aching in mouth and 127 (83.6%) had difficulty during eating. Least impact was seen in alteration of taste 35 (23%). Conclusions: The pain intensity experienced by patients was variable. Most participants had moderate pain but few patients perceived no pain at all. The participants had at least one or other oral health impacts due to fixed orthodontic treatment. Orthodontists should counsel the patients regarding possible discomfort so that there is no discontinuation of treatment due to pain.Publication Self-Assessment of Oral Health Status among Adults Residing at Chautara, Sindhupalchowk, Nepal(Nepal Health Research Council, 2025) Dahal, Sirjana; Khapung, Anju; Dahal, Samarika; Poudel, PrakashBackground: Little is known about attitudes and practices regarding oral health of developing countries. This study aimed to determine the self-assessment of oral health status among adults residing at Chautara, Sindhupalchowk, Nepal. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 440 adults selected by convenience sampling method. Interview using WHO oral health questionnaire for adults 2013 was taken after receiving informed consent. Data were entered in Microsoft Excel Sheet and analysed in SPSS version 24. Mean, standard deviation, frequency and percentage were calculated. Results: Majority had positive assessment regarding their teeth (366, 83.18%) and gums (384, 87.27%). Many (417, 94.77%) cleaned their teeth ?one times a day. Majority used toothbrush (434, 98.64%) and paste (411, 93.41%) for cleaning their teeth. Some, (184, 41.82%) visited a dentist at least once in their lifetime and the main reason was pain or trouble in teeth/gums/mouth (94, 51.09%). Very often, they faced problems chewing (31, 7.0%) and biting (27, 6.1%) foods. They mostly consumed tea with sugar (132, 30.0%) and biscuits, cakes and cream cakes (59, 13.4%) several times a day. Most of them smoked cigarettes every day (93, 21.1%), followed by tobacco chewing (67, 15.2%). In the past 30 days, 179 (40.7%) drank one or more drinks of alcohol. Conclusions: The study findings showed that most of the adult residents of Chautara, had positive self-assessment of their oral health status. However, they faced many oral health problems which may be due to their unhealthy lifestyle suggesting need for oral health awareness programs. Keywords: Adults; oral health; self-assessment.Publication Unilateral Pulmonary Aplasia: A Case Report(Nepal Paediatric Society (JNPS), 2010) Shrestha, Prabina; Poudel, Prakash; Sah, Panna LalAbstract: Chest X-Ray findings of unilateral lung or lobar collapse with a shift of mediastinal shift towards the affected side may prompt differential diagnoses of suspected foreign body aspiration, mucus plug occlusion, and bronchial mass lesions. We must also consider the rare condition of pulmonary agenesis. It is one of the rare congenital abnormalities in the development of the lungs in which there is complete absence of a lung. We report a three month old child with right sided pulmonary aplasia.