Browsing by Author "Poudel, S"
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Publication Health Promoting Lifestyle during Covid-19 Pandemic among Residents of Gandaki Province, Nepal(Kathmandu University, 2022) Shrestha, K; Acharya, S; Poudel, SABSTRACT Background Lifestyle is an important factor to individual’s health and quality of life. Although, the emergence of Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has forced billions of people to change their lifestyle overnight. Objective To identify health promoting lifestyle during COVID-19 pandemic among the residents of Gandaki Province, Nepal. Method Descriptive cross sectional web based study was conducted among 386 respondents from Gandaki Province. Adults from 18 years and above, who could fill the form online were included using purposive and snowball sampling technique. Data were collected using Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP II) scale and analysed using descriptive (frequency, percentage, median) and inferential statistics (Mann Whitney U test and Kruskal Wallis test). Result Only 18.7% of the respondents had an excellent health promoting lifestyle followed by good health promoting lifestyle among 60.4%. Highest median score was observed in spiritual 27(10-36), and interpersonal relationship subscale 27(9-36). Whereas, the lowest was observed in physical activity 21(8-32) followed by stress management 24(10-32). Statistically significant difference was observed in age and perception of own health status with spirituality; gender, chronic illness and perception of own health status with interpersonal subscale and age, gender, marital status, occupation and perception of own health status with physical subscale. Conclusion The study concludes the need of health education and awareness to promote healthy lifestyle behaviours with a particular emphasis on indoor physical activities and stress management skills with specific consideration to female and elderly. KEY WORDS Adult, COVID-19, Health promoting lifestyle/behaviour, NepalPublication Prevalence and Associated Factors of Dental Caries among School Children in Bharatpur, Chitwan(Kathmandu University, 2024) Poudel, S; Sapkota, D; Poudel, L; Poudel, S; Khatri, E; Sapkota, KABSTRACT Background The burden of dental caries among children is increasing due to consumption of sugary substances, poor oral care practices, and inadequate health service utilization. This study aimed to identify the prevalence and associated factors of dental caries among school children. The objectives of the study were to assess the prevalence of dental caries and associated factors among school children of private school of Bharatpur metropolitan city. Objective To assess the prevalence of dental caries and associated factors among school children of private school of Bharatpur metropolitan city. Method A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among 150 children of two different private schools of Chitwan by using multi-stage probability sampling technique. The data was collected from 22nd November 2019 to 4th December 2019. Data were collected by using a semi-structured questionnaire to identify the prevalence of and associated factors of dental caries and decayed, missing and filled Permanent teeth (DMFT) index criteria. Result Out of total 150 children, 68% had dental caries. Among them, 64.5 % had caries in deciduous teeth, 17.6 % in permanent teeth and 17.6% had caries on both types of dentition. Only 40.7% of children had received dental check-ups. The mean Decayed, missing and filled primary teeth (DMFT)/ decayed, missing and filled Permanent teeth (DMFT) was 1.91 and 0.54 respectively. 83.3% and 57.1% of children had low severity caries in permanent and deciduous dentition respectively. The educational level, brushing habits, sugar consumption, and snack consumption, bottle feeding at infancy and mother’s occupation was found to be associated with dental caries. Conclusion The study showed high prevalence of dental caries among school children. Less than 50% of children had a dental checkup in case of dental problems only. Association of dental caries was found with level of education, brushing habits, sugar consumption, snack consumption bottle feeding at infancy and mother’s occupation. KEY WORDS Children, Dental caries, Prevalence, SeverityPublication Prevalence of Renal and Urinary Tract Diseases among Pediatric Cases Admitted in a Tertiary Hospital in Developing Country(Kathmandu University, 2024) Gautam, S; Gautam, P; Chaudhary, A; Dahal, A; Giri, P; Poudel, SABSTRACT Background Kidney disease includes diseases of the glomerulus, tubular disorders, and conditions associated with hematuria or proteinuria. Urinalysis can be a reliable and easy tool to screen. Objective In this study, we aim to study the prevalence of renal and urinary tract diseases among the pediatric population in a tertiary hospital in Nepal. Method A single-center retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted from 2022 to 2023 in the pediatric department. Information was obtained regarding clinical- epidemiological profile, associated condition, investigations, diagnosis, and duration of hospital stay, management, and outcome. Result The prevalence of renal disease was 5.6%, with urinary tract infection being the most common diagnosis. Maximum cases presented between one and five years with a male-to-female ratio of 1.1:1 and 80.9% of the patients had new onset disease. The mean duration of hospital stay was six days. The mortality rate in renal diseases was 3.2%. Conclusion Renal diseases make up a significant portion of pediatric admissions. Renal diseases contribute to significant morbidity and mortality. A large number of cases of renal diseases are due to infective etiology hence they are preventable and curable. Renal disease in children presents with vague symptoms and signs. Routine screening of renal diseases is needed for early diagnosis and reduction in morbidity and mortality. KEY WORDS Kidney diseases, Pediatrics, Urinary tract infectionPublication Primary Laryngotracheal Amyloidosis Masquerading as Malignancy(Kathmandu University, 2019) Devkota, K; Adhikari, K; Poudel, SABSTRACT Amyloidosis represents a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by the deposition of amyloid protein in various target organs of the body. Amyloidosis is classified as systemic or local. Larynx is the common site for localized amyloid deposition and patient usually presents with hoarseness of voice. Because of the similar clinical and imaging features to malignant laryngeal mass, diagnostic confusion occurs and histopathological confirmation is usually needed. Although laryngeal tracheo-bronchial amyloidosis is rare, it should be considered among the differentials of benign laryngeal tumors. KEY WORDS Amyloidosis, Laryngotracheal, MalignancyPublication Psychiatric Comorbidity among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients(Kathmandu University, 2024) Acharya, M; Ghimire, RH; Karki, D; Poudel, SABSTRACT Background The co-occurrence of psychiatric conditions and diabetes mellitus is frequently observed. This coexistence manifests in various ways, leading to a diminished quality of life, heightened healthcare expenses, reduced treatment compliance, suboptimal blood sugar control, and an upsurge in visits to the emergency room. Objective To evaluate the prevalence of psychiatric comorbidity in patients with type 2 diabetes at a specialized medical center. Method We conducted a cross-sectional study, enrolling eligible type 2 diabetes patients who sought outpatient services. To evaluate the cognitive and emotional aspects of their illness, we employed the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview and ICD-10 guidelines. Convenience sampling method was used and 200 patients were included in the study. Their socio-demographic profile, presence of depression, and other psychiatric illnesses were studied. Result Among the total screened type 2 diabetes patients, 200 eligible individuals were included in the study. Depression emerged as the most prevalent psychiatric comorbid condition, affecting 30.5% of the patients. Notably, depression rates were slightly higher in female patients and those over 50 years of age. Furthermore, individuals with longer diabetes durations displayed a greater prevalence of depressive episodes, followed by other psychiatric illnesses. Conclusion A noteworthy proportion of diabetic patients exhibited comorbid psychiatric conditions. Depression was the most common among diabetics followed by other psychiatric illnesses. The presence of neuropsychiatric illness was commonly seen in diabetics at a later age of life, peaking after 6th decade. KEY WORDS Comorbidity, Diabetes mellitus type II, Psychiatry