Browsing by Author "Ramesh, K"
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Publication Delirium in Critically ill Patients in a Tertiary Care Centre in Western Region of Nepal(Kathmandu University, 2014) Thapa, P; Chakraborty, PK; Khattri, JB; Ramesh, K; Sharma, PABSTRACT Background Delirium affects a significant proportion of critically ill patients admitted in hospital. It is associated with various adverse outcomes. Despite its enormous prognostic significance it tends to be underdiagnosed. There is a dearth of studies on risk factors of delirium in our setting. Objectives The main objectives of this study was to find out the prevalence, rate of non recognition and risk factors associated with delirium in hospitalized critically ill patients. Methods A hospital based cross-sectional study was carried out. Data was collected using a predesigned semi-structured proforma and Intensive care delirium screening checklist was used to screen for delirium in patients admitted in various wards of Manipal teaching hospital, Pokhara, Nepal. Results Ninety five cases were included in the analysis. The mean age of study group was 58.9 ± 19.1 years. Delirium was present in 15/95 cases and it was not recognized by treating physician in about one third of cases. Odds ratio (OR) was statistically significantly increased in patients with history of stroke (OR=4.484 95% CI=1.0896;18.459), alcohol use (OR=10.792 95% CI=2.906;40.072), smoking (OR= 4.836 95% CI= 1.411;16.576), use of restraint (OR=17.143 95% CI=4.401;66.766), nasogastric tube placement (OR= 7.731 95% CI=2.348;25.452) and use of Foley’s catheter (OR=12.000 95% CI= 3.072;46.877). Conclusion About 16% of critically ill patients were found to be delirious. In about one third of the cases delirium was not recognized. Both patient related and iatrogenic factors may increase the risk of delirium in hospitalized critically ill patients. KEY WORDS Critical care, delirium, non-recognitionPublication Personality profile among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) positives and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) patients of injecting drug users(Kathmandu University, 2007) Budhachandra, Y; Ramesh, K; Sumitra, GObjective: The purpose of the study was to find out the various personality factors among HIV/AIDS patients of injecting drug users. Materials and methods: The study was conducted during the period of July 2001 to August 2004 at Manipur State, India in which 60 samples of both male and female in the age range of 21 to 35 years were taken through the helps from R.I.M.S Hospital, Imphal, J.N. Hospital, Imphal and several NGOs of Manipur. The patients were administered 16 PF (Personality profile developed by R.B. Cattell and H.W. Eber) test in which 16 personalities were detected. Results: The profile of the respondents includes age and sex cases of HIV/ AIDS. In the sample among the HIV/AIDS patients, from the age group of 21 to 25 years consists of only 20%. Most of the patients are from 26 to 35 years consisting of two age groups, i.e., 26 to 30 years and 31 to 35 years having 40% each with total of 80%. In the survey, it has been found that majority of the HIV/AIDS patients is male which consists of 60% and remaining 40% belongs to female in the ratio of 60:40. The following four scales are used to explain personality profile: 1 Introversion vs extraversion. 2 Low anxiety vs high anxiety. 3 Emotional sensitivity vs tough poise. 4 Subdueness vs independence. Key words: HIV, AIDS, Injecting drug users, Personality profile