Browsing by Author "Rana, Mita"
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Publication Assessment of Intelligence of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) Children and Adolescents and Parental Stress in a Muscular Dystrophy Center in Nepal(Nepal Paediatric Society (JNPS), 2016) Rana, Mita; Adhikari, Sirjana; Pradhan, MonalisaAbstract: Correction: On 21st May 2017 the word 'Adults' was changed to 'Adolescents' in the title of the article on NepJOL. The PDF was correct and has not been changed. Introduction: Duchene Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked developmental disorder characterized by progressive muscle weakness, demanding many psychosocial adjustments for both parents and children; learning and behavioral problems, changing values, expectations, roles and responsibilities, separation and loss that lead to parental stress. This study is an attempt to explore the level of Intelligence Quotient of children and adolescents with DMD and further elucidate aspects of parental stress. Material and Methods: The study involved 30 children and adolescents with DMD, chosen by convenient sampling method and one parent each, during their regular medical evaluation at the Duchene Muscular Dystrophy Foundation in Nepal. Measures used to collect data were the Draw a Man Test and Cohen’s Perceived Stress Scale. Results: Age of the DMD children and adolescents ranged between 4 to 19 years with mean age 12.01 ± 6.26 years, 93.94% were male. 53.33% of the parents reported having average level of stress and 63.33% of DMD children and adolescents had average level of Intelligence Quotient (IQ > 70), 16.67% had mild (IQ between 50-69) and 10% each were found to have moderate and severe intellectual disability. Significant negative correlation (r = -0.393, p=0.05) was found between the level of intellectual functioning of DMD children and level of parent’s perceived stress. Conclusion: Most of the parents experienced average to severe level of stress based on the duration of illness and the level of intellectual functioning of their DMD child. Parents experienced greater level of stress with children having low intelligence.Publication Reliability and Validity Evidences of Tej Emotional and Behavioral Problem Checklist (TEJ-CL) for Child Mental Health Assessment in Nepal(Nepal Medical Association, 2024) Shakya, Suraj; Sthapit, Sabitri; Rana, Mita; Kunwar, Arun Raj; Bhandary, ShitalAbstract Introduction: The Tej Emotional and Behavioral Problem Checklist (TEJ-CL) was developed in Nepalese context to aid assessment of childhood emotional and problems of children. This study aimed to evaluate TEJ-CL's factor structure, reliability, and validity evidences as an add-on and symptom monitoring test. Methods: This cross-sectional validation study included guardians of 320 children (age 5–17 years) from tertiary mental health centers in Kathmandu as referred group, along with 601 children from two schools (private and community) in Kathmandu as non-referred group. IRC was obtained ethical approval (ref: 183 (6-11-E)2/073/074 and ref: 776). TEJ-CL, an 89-item parent-reported questionnaire, served as the index test, while referral status acted as the reference standard. Factor structure, internal consistency, test-retest/ cross-informant correlations and criterion validity evidence was assessed using principal component analysis, coefficient alpha, spearman's rank correlation and linear regression models, respectively. Results: Analysis was done using 179 referred and 412 non-referred individuals based on non-missing data. Principal component analysis in referred sample reduced the number of items of questionnaire to 65 from 89 and indicated six factors: externalizing behavioral issues, anxiety/worries, upset/ sadness, somatic concern, miscellaneous syndrome, and severe issues with coefficient alpha ranging from 0.62 to 0.95. As criterion validity evidence, referred children showed significantly higher scores than non-referred children across composite and factor scores, except for anxiety/worries factor. Similarly, regression analyses within the referred group demonstrated significant associations between factor scores and specific diagnoses. Conclusions: Reliability and validity estimate of questionnaire is comparable to similar empirically based scales. Future research should focus on assessing the tool's generalizability and improving discriminatory indexes.Publication Validation of Nepali Version of Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (N-DASS21) among Higher Secondary School Students(Institute of Medicine, 2022) Choulagai, Bishnu P; Sharma, Poojan; Sharma, Chandrakala; Neupane, Subas; Rana, MitaABSTRACT Introduction: Depression and anxiety are recognized as serious public health problems and are globally leading causes of disability in terms of total years lost due to disability. Depressive disorders often start at a young age; they reduce people’s functioning and are frequently recurring. The aim of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of Nepali version of Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (N-DASS21). Methods: The study was conducted during February – May 2017 among higher secondary school students from nine public schools in Kathmandu. The sample size achieved for this study was 1007, with a response rate of 94.8%. The Nepali version of the questionnaire was used for data collection. Data were analyzed for validity using confirmatory factor analysis. Results: The internal consistency of the three subscales for the constructs was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha with values obtained between 0.76 and 0.81 indicating a reliable scale. The receiver operating characteristic curves showed the area under the curve for depression and anxiety scales as 0.80 and 0.91, respectively. This indicates that the scales are accurate. Conclusion: The Nepali version of DASS21 (N-DASS21) is psychometrically sound with good reliability and validity. It can be utilized as an instrument for measuring depression and anxiety in Nepali population. Keywords: Anxiety, DASS-21, depression, N-DASS21, validation