Browsing by Author "Ranjit, Nirju"
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Publication Morphology and Morphometry of Thyroid Gland in Cadavers: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study(Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, 2024) Phuyal, Navindra; Shrestha, Anusuya; Bhandari, Rosha; Adhikari, Bidur; Gautam, Jyoti; Dhungel, Deepesh; Gautam, Subina; Ranjit, NirjuAbstract: Introduction Variations in anatomy of thyroid gland include the occasional presence of a pyramidal lobe and a fibromuscular band called levator glandulae thyroideae. These variations affect the gland's morphometry and morphology. This study aimed to study morphometry and variation prevalence of thyroid gland. Methods This descriptive study examined adult cadavers from the Department of Forensic Medicine at Maharajgunj Medical Campus. Measurements of the length, breadth, and thickness of both lateral lobes and the isthmus were taken. The presence or absence of the isthmus, pyramidal lobe, and levator glandulae thyroideae was recorded, along with the origin and dimensions of the pyramidal lobe, if present. Results The mean dimensions of the right lobe were 43.88±6.88 mm (length), 23.93±4.76 mm (breadth), and 12.28±3.30 mm (thickness). For the left lobe, the measures were 40.47±7.26 mm, 21.95±4.22 mm, and 12.84±3.61 mm, respectively. The isthmus had mean dimensions of 18.12±5.52 mm, 16.65±5.51 mm, and 5.10±1.76 mm. The isthmus was absent in 7.2% of cases. The pyramidal lobe, present in 27.8% of cases, had mean dimensions of 19.17±8.26 mm, 11.64±3.47 mm, and 4.60±1.33 mm, typically originating from the center of the isthmus. The average weight of the thyroid gland was 16.19±5.22 g. Conclusion The thyroid gland's weight was higher in males and positively correlated with the individual's height. Also, thyroid gland's dimensions and weight were less than those described in standard texts. The relationship between body weight and thyroid gland weight warrants further investigation.Publication Self-Assessment of Non-communicable Diseases related Competencies among Interns of a Medical Institute of Nepal(Institute of Medicine, 2022) Pradhan, Pranil MS; Adhikari, Bidur; Pant, Sagun B; Ranjit, Nirju; Rawal, Suniti; Basnet, SudhaABSTRACT Introduction: One of the essential strategies to tackle rising burden of non-communicable diseases (NCD) is development of competent local human resource. Assessing the level of competencies in pre-service curriculum is the first step towards building an NCD-ready health workforce. This study aimed to assess perception of competence in delivering World Health Organization Package of Essential Non-communicable diseases (WHO-PEN) interventions among interns of Maharajgunj Medical Campus of Institute of Medicine (IOM). Methods: A survey was conducted at Maharajgunj Medical Campus of Institute of Medicine among interns using online questionnaire. The questionnaire contained seven sections on different competencies to prevent and manage NCDs. Ethical approval was obtained from Institutional Review Committee of IOM. Descriptive analysis was done to identify the level of competencies. Statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel and IBM SPSS version 20. Results: Majority of the interns expressed low to moderate confidence in managing patients with presenting complaints of major NCDs. Most interns could perform diagnostic procedures and screening related to NCDs and mental disorders under supervision only (56.9%-68.6%), and one third felt they were unable to perform spirometry and visual inspection of cervix with acetic acid. Most interns could provide counseling on major NCD risk factors, self-care and palliative care only under supervision. Majority could not identify key NCD service performance measures and their data sources. Conclusion: Skills of independently diagnosing and screening for NCDs, counselling on healthy lifestyle, alcohol and tobacco cessation and conduct motivational interviewing, self-care and palliative care were limited. Keywords: Competency based education, non-communicable disease, undergraduate medical education