Browsing by Author "Regmi, Anil"
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Publication Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis among Patients with Thyroid Disorders Visiting a Tertiary Care Centre(Nepal Medical Association, 2023) Parajuli, Suraj; Bhatt, Navin; Regmi, Anil; Chapagain, Subodh; Panday, Pradumna; Singh, Arjan; Nepal, Shristi; Karki, Pragya; Agrawal, Shweta; Bhattarai, JyotiAbstract Introduction: Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is a chronic autoimmune lymphocytic thyroiditis characterised by thyroid autoantibodies. Early detection and treatment of this condition help in reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with it. The aim of the study was to find out the prevalence of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis among patients with thyroid disorders visiting a tertiary care centre. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among patients visiting the outpatient department of a tertiary care centre. Data from 14 April 2017 to 13 April 2019 was collected between 30 June 2022 to 15 September 2022 from medical records. Ethical approval was obtained from the Nepal Health Research Council. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis was diagnosed based on clinical presentation and positive antibodies to thyroid antigens. Convenience sampling method was used. The point estimate was calculated at a 95% Confidence Interval. Results: Among 813 patients with thyroid disorders, 393 (48.33%) (44.89-51.77, 95% Confidence Interval) had Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. The manifestation of the spectrum of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis were euthyroid in 215 (54.70%), subclinical hypothyroidism in 102 (25.95%), subclinical hyperthyroidism in 23 (5.85%), overt hyperthyroidism in 9 (2.30%) and overt hypothyroidism in 4 (1.02%). Conclusions: The prevalence of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis among patients with thyroid disorders was higher than in other studies done in similar settings.Publication Sputum Smear Non-conversion at the End of Intensive Phase of Tuberculosis Treatment at a Tertiary Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional study(Nepal Medical Association, 2021) Shah, Naveen Prakash; Regmi, Anil; Acharya, Aakash; K.C., Jwala; Khatiwada, Bidur; Hada, MeeraAbstract: Introduction: Sputum non-conversion is smear positive tuberculosis despite anti-tubercular therapy. Various factors may lead to sputum non-conversion including resistance to anti-tubercular drugs, age, gender, disease severity, non-compliance, drugs unavailability etc. Little is known and studied about the contribution of these individual factors. Our study sought to determine the prevalence of sputum smear non-conversion in patients at the end of intensive phase of tuberculosis treatment visiting a tertiary-level institution in Nepal. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among recorded data of patients undergoing sputum Acid Fast Bacilli staining at the end of intensive phase at National Tuberculosis Control Center from April 2018 to April 2020. The study was approved by Nepal Health Research Council (Registration no: 76012020 P). The convenient sampling method was adopted. The data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. Results: Our study found that out of 830 samples that were tested by Acid Fast Bacilli stain at the end of intensive phase, 40 (4.82%) (3.37-6.28 at 95% Confidence Interval) were sputum smear non-converters. The mean age of sputum non-converters was 41.25±15.543 years. Conclusions: The study shows that a significant proportion of patients remain acid-fast stain positive despite the treatment. However, the proportion is low compared to other similar studies around the globe. This study provides program managers with evidence to support the development of more tailored tuberculosis care and need to conduct more intensive studies about various factors that may lead to non-conversion.