NepMed Repository :: Browsing by Author "Rijal, Arjun Hari"

Browsing by Author "Rijal, Arjun Hari"

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Altered Passive Eruption among Patients Visiting Dental Outpatient Department in a Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
(Nepal Medical Association, 2024) Lamichhane, Simant; Humagain, Manoj; Thapa, Sachita; Bhusal, Sita; Rijal, Arjun Hari; Rupakhety, Prakriti; Ranjan, Rakesh
Abstract Introduction: The eruption of teeth is considered to be a continuous phenomenon. Two types of eruption are possible namely, active and passive eruption. Failure in passive eruption (by the apical movement of gingiva from the enamel surface) generally results in a clinical condition known as altered passive eruption. It can result in the shortened crown height of a tooth and an esthetically unpleasant situation i.e., excessive gingival display or gummy smile. The main motto of this study was to find out the prevalence of altered passive eruption and associated gingival biotypes in adult patients visiting for dental treatment in tertiary centers along with strategically placed outreach centers. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done in the Department of Dentistry, Dhulikhel Hospital, and four outreach centers of the same hospital. The study was conducted from October 2022 to April 2023 after obtaining the ethical approval. Convenience sampling was done. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated. Results: Among 165 patients, the prevalence of altered passive eruption was 21 (12.72%) (7.62-17.78 at 95% Confidence Interval). Furthermore, among 21 patients, the altered passive eruption was seen in the thick biotype patients in 16 (76.19%) and thin biotype patients in 5 (23.81%). Conclusions: The prevalence of altered passive eruption appeared to be equivalent when compared with the previous studies.
Characterization of Etiology and Pattern of Dental Extraction among Patients Presenting to Dental Department of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
(Nepal Medical Association, 2024) Shakya, Mamata; Adhikari, Bhoj Raj; Chaurasia, Nitesh; Upadhyaya, Chandan; Rauniyar, Dilip Prasad; Rijal, Arjun Hari; Nepal, Manisha
Mamata Shakya Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel Hospital, Dhulikhel, Nepal Bhoj Raj Adhikari Department of Oral Medicine and Maxillofacial Pathology, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal Nitesh Chaurasia Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal Chandan Upadhyaya Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal Dilip Prasad Rauniyar Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal Arjun Hari Rijal Department of Periodontology, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal Manisha Nepal Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
Prevalence of Amlodipine-induced gingival enlargement in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study
(Nepal Medical Association, 2025) Subedi, Gitanjali; Rijal, Arjun Hari; Lamichhane, Simant; Ghimire, Osha; Humagain, Manoj
Abstract Introduction: Administration of certain drugs such as anticonvulsants, immunosuppressants, and calcium channel blockers leads to well-known sequalae of gingival enlargement. Apart from esthetic consequences, gingival enlargement also hinders proper oral hygiene and may be painful for the patient. Determination of primary etiology and subsequent treatment for the same is pre-requisite in the management of gingival enlargement. Therefore, this study was intended to determine the prevalence of gingival enlargement in patients under amlodipine therapy in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out after ethical approval from Institutional Review Committee (Reference No.: 242/23), in the Department of Internal Medicine and in the Department of Periodontology, Dhulikhel Hospital. The study period was from December, 2023 – May, 2024. Patients under amlodipine therapy for at least six months were assessed. Purposive sampling was done with a total sample size of 450. The prevalence of gingival enlargement along with dosage and duration of drug intake was calculated. Results: Out of 450 participants, drug induced gingival enlargement was seen in 129 (28.70%). Furthermore, among 129 patients, grade 1 gingival enlargement was more prevalent (n=93, 20.70%) while grade 3 gingival enlargement was only seen in 6 (0.90%) of the participants. The dosage and duration of drug intake by patient were also calculated. Conclusions: Gingival enlargement could be the potential side effect associated with amlodipine usage. It was found to be prevalent in patients under amlodipine therapy. The patients should be well-informed about the consequence, by the treating physician, prior to initiation of amlodipine therapy. Proper oral hygiene measures should be reinforced in such patients from the beginning.
Prevalence of Gingival Pigmentation and its Association with Age, Gender and Gingival Biotype in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Nepal
(Nepal Health Research Council, 2025) Khayamali, Jenisha; Khadka, Rachana; Lamichhane, Simant; Rijal, Arjun Hari
Background: While dentistry in the past focused primarily on prevention and treatment of dental diseases, modern dentistry has evolved to place greater emphasis on appearance of teeth, gums, and the overall smile. Since gingival pigmentation significantly impacts a patient’s aesthetics, it has recently become a prominent topic of interest. Objective was to determine the prevalence of gingival pigmentation among Nepalese people in terms of its extent and distribution and to correlate it with age, gender, and gingival biotype. Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on Nepalese patients who visited the ‘Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology’ at Dhulikhel Hospital from June 20, 2024 to September 20, 2024 after obtaining ethical approval. Data was collected via convenience sampling, and intraoral examinations focused on gingival biotype and pigmentation in the anterior labial region, a key aesthetic area. The data was entered into MS EXCEL and analyzed using the latest version of SPSS. Results: Total 380 patients were examined in this study, including 173 (45.5%) males and 207(54.5%) females. Most had pigmentation in the attached gingiva followed by interdental papillae. There was a statistically significant relationship (p<0.05) between gingival pigmentation and the patient’ age, as well as between gingival pigmentation and gingival biotype (p<0.05) However, there was no significant relationship (p=0.59) between gingival pigmentation and the patient’s gender. Conclusions: Knowledge regarding the distribution and extent of gingival pigmentation will be a valuable asset for clinicians during various depigmentation procedures, to choose the most appropriate technique for a particular type of gingival pigmentation. Keywords: Depigmentation; gingiva; gingival biotype; gingival pigmentation.
Prevalence of Gingival Recession in the Nepalese Population Visiting Tertiary Care Hospital
(Nepal Medical Association, 2025) Rijal, Arjun Hari; Napit, Ruben; Chhetri, Purnima Mahatara; Pandey, Sujata; Poudel, Sandhya; Ghimire, Pratistha; Adhikari, Bhojraj; Lamichhane, Simant; Humagain, Manoj
Abstract Introduction: Gingival recession is the exposure of root surface by an apical shift in the position of the gingiva. Exposure of the tooth surface leads to caries of the root surface, abrasion, erosion, sensitivity, esthetic concern and interproximal plaque accumulation. So, the objective of the present study was to find out the prevalence of recession in Nepalese population and its etiological factors. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 350 participants for a period of December 2023 to February 2024 at Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Dhulikhel Hospital after obtaining ethical approval from Institutional review committee (Reference no: 229/23). Written informed consent was obtained and gingival recession and its associated factors were examined using well-formed proforma. Data were entered into Microsoft excel and descriptive statistics were reported. Results: Out of total 350 participants, the prevalence of gingival recession was found to be 170 (48.56%, 95% CI= 43.33- 53.73). Among total participants 177 (50.57%) were male with gingival prevalence of 86 (48.58%) and rests were female with 84 (48.55%) prevalence. Similarly, 40-49 years age groups were mostly affected 62(72.09%) by gingival recession.There was highest prevalence with poor oral hygiene 48 (64.87%), use of hard tooth brush 31(67.39%), prosthodontic treatment 22(61.12%), subgingival restoration 7(70%) and due to papillary penetrating frenal attachment 3 (100%). Conclusions: This study reported high prevalence of gingival recession among Nepalese adult population and there are multiple etiologies are associated with it.

Browsing by Author "Rijal, Arjun Hari"

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