Browsing by Author "Shah, R"
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Publication Comparative Study of Hyperbaric Bupivacaine Plus Ketamine Vs Bupivacaine Plus Fentanyl for Spinal Anaesthesia during Caeserean Section(Kathmandu University, 2013) Shrestha, SK; Bhattarai, B; Shah, RABSTRACT Background Spinal anesthesia is widely used for caesarean section due to its rapid onset, low failure rate, complete analgesia. Addition of intrathecal ketamine and opioids to local anaesthetics seems to improve the quality of block and prolong the duration of analgesia. Objectives The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of intrathecal ketamine mixed with hyperbaric bupivacaine to intrathecal fentanyl mixed with hyperbaric bupivacaine. Methods One hundred parturients ASA Grade I scheduled for elective or semiurgent caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia were randomly divided into two groups. Group A received 2ml (10 mg) hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% plus 25 mg preservative free ketamine. Group B received 2ml (10mg) hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% plus 25μg fentanyl. The patients were observed intraoperatively for the onset of sensory block, degree of motor block and total duration of analgesia. Results The time to achieve Bromage scale 3 motor blockade was shorter in Group A than in Group B.(p= 0.445) whereas time to achieve highest dermatomal level of sensory block was shorter in Group A than in Group B (p= 0.143). The duration of spinal analgesia was longer in Group B than in Group A (p= 0.730). The frequency of side effect such as sedation score was higher in Group A compared to Group B (p= 0.048). The incidence of pruritus was significantly higher in Group B compared to Group A (p = 0.000). Conclusion Addition of preservative free ketamine lead to faster onset of sensory and motor blockade, although it did not prolong the duration of spinal analgesia compared to addition of fentanyl in parturients undergoing caesarean section with spinal anaesthesia. KEY WORDS Bupivacaine, caesarean section, fentanyl, ketamine, spinal anaesthesiaPublication Esthetics in Removable Partial Denture - A Review(Kathmandu University, 2013) Shah, R; Aras, MABSTRACT Removable partial denture is a repulsive modality of treatment that we still must rely upon for certain cases and is a part of the practice. But these patients expect it to look as esthetic as any other contemporary modality of treatment. This article thus focuses on the esthetic aspects that a clinician must place emphasis upon during the designing and fabrication of prosthesis to provide the desirable outcome. KEY WORDS Clasps, connectors, designing of RPD, esthetics, flangesPublication Infant Feeding Practices in Kaski District, Pokhara(Nepal Paediatric Society (JNPS), 2012) Basnet, S; Gauchan, E; Malla, K; Malla, T; Koirala, DP; Shah, R; Sedha, Y SedhaAbstract: Background: Children in developing countries are prone to infectious diseases due to insufficient and inappropriate feeding practices. Socio-demographic and socio-economic factors directly and indirectly play a role in influencing infant feeding practices. This study was conducted to assess the socio-demographic and economic factors associated with initiation of breastfeeding, complimentary feeding, and the various prelacteal feeds practiced in Kaski, Pokhara. Materials and Methods: In this prospective study, interviews were conducted to 500 mothers at Manipal Teaching Hospital who brought their child for treatment. The interviews were conducted in a questionnaire format relating to their demographic and financial statuses. Results: A total of 500 mothers were questioned, out of which 86.6% gave their child breastmilk as its first food. 47% initiated breastfeeding within half an hour of child’s birth. 86% gave Jaulo as the first complementary food to their children. About 26% of the mothers gave complementary feeding to their children before the recommended time of 6 months. Conclusion: Initiation of breastfeeding after life and complementary feeding practices overall has improved from previous studies. There is still need of making awareness campaigns and such in order to further improve this trend.Publication Outcomes of Endoscopic Sphincteroplasty Using Large Balloon Dilatation for Difficult Common Bile Duct Stone Removal at Dhulikhel Hospital(Kathmandu University, 2019) Purbey, BK; Gurung, RB; Panday, R; Shrestha, A; Shah, RABSTRACT Background Endoscopic sphincteroplasty (ESPT) using a large Controlled Radial Expansion (CRE) Wire guided balloon dilatation has gained acceptance in removing a difficult common bile duct (CBD) stones. Objective To evaluate effectiveness and complications of removing large and difficult bile duct stones with sphincterotomy combined with large balloon dilatation. Method A total of 132 patients, from February 2014 to June 2017, who had biliary ductal calculus which was either greater than 15 mm or difficult to remove with standard technique, underwent Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreaticography (ERCP) with Endoscopic sphincteroplasty using a large Controlled radial expansion wire guided balloon dilatation. The success rate of complete stone clearance and post Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreaticography complications were analyzed. Result There were 48 (36.4 %) male and 84 (63.6%) female patients with mean age of 55.48 ± 16.36 years. Stones were removed with sphincteroplasty in first attempt in 90 out of 132 (68.2%) patients, 26 out of 37 (70.27%) patients in second session and in all 7(100%) patients in third attempt. Five (11.90%) patients were lost to follow up and 4 were advised for surgery because of failure to remove stones by sphincteroplasty. Overall success of endoscopic sphincterotomy and large balloon dilatation in our study was 93.18%. Complications were seen in 17 (13.6%) patients; bleeding seen in 9 (6.8%) patients and mild pancreatitis in 8 (6.1%) patients. None of the patients had severe pancreatitis or perforation secondary to the procedure. Conclusion Endoscopic sphincteroplasty after sphincterotomy is an effective and safe technique for a difficult common bile duct stone removal. KEY WORDS Common bile duct stone, Controlled radial expansion, Endoscopic sphincteroplasty