Browsing by Author "Shakya, Sujata"
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Publication Behavioral Risk Factors for Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) among Adolescents in Mahalaxmi Municipality of Lalitpur District, Nepal: A School-Based Cross-Sectional Study(Central Department of Public Health, 2024) Gurmaita, Aman; Shakya, SujataAbstract Background Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading causes of global mortality, with high prevalence in low- and middle-income countries. In Nepal, adolescents face rising NCD risk factors such as smoking, alcohol use, and poor diet. Objective To assess the prevalence of behavioural risk factors for non-communicable diseases and their association with socio-demographic characteristics among school-going adolescents of a municipality of Lalitpur District, Nepal. Methods This cross-sectional descriptive study assessed the behavioural risk factors for non-communicable diseases among school adolescents in a municipality, Lalitpur District. We used stratified random sampling to select 316 students from grades 11 and 12. We used Global school-based student health survey (GSHS) tools to collect data. We estimated prevalence of NCD risk factors among school adolescents. Binary logistic regression was applied to determine the factors associated with prevalence of NCDs risk factors. Results The prevalence of behavioural risk factors related to major non-communicable diseases including unhealthy diet, insufficient physical activity, alcohol consumption, and tobacco consumption are 99.4%, 94.3%, 7.9% and 6.6% respectively. The prevalence of at least two risk factors is 94.9%. The female school going adolescents were more likely to have prevalence of NCD risk factors (AOR: 6.12; 95% CI: 1.64, 22.80). Conclusion This study revealed a high prevalence of behavioural risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among school adolescents, including unhealthy diets and insufficient physical activity. Majority of the participants had at least two NCD risk factors, which tends to persist into adulthood. To address this, the study recommends holistic, evidence-based interventions targeting these risk factors. Schools and local authorities should implement health education regarding healthy diet and physical activity, promotion of extracurricular activities, and nutritional programs in schools, and enforcement of laws against selling alcohol and tobacco to adolescents. Keywords: Adolescents, Nepal, Non-communicable diseases, Risk factorsPublication Prevalence and Associated Factors of Computer Vision Syndrome among Undergraduate Students of Kathmandu Valley, Nepal: A Web-based Cross-sectional Study(Central Department of Public Health, 2024) Bajracharya, Snehi; Bhandari, Prashamsa; Shakya, SujataAbstract Background: Computer Vision Syndrome is a collection of vision and eye-related problems like headache, blurred or double vision, eye strain, fatigue, and teary eyes, which can occur when using digital devices. It is one of the most significant public health concerns of the twenty-first century. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of computer vision syndrome, common symptoms experienced, and preferred preventive measures while identifying socio-demographic, knowledge, and practice-associated risk factors among undergraduate students of Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. Methods: A web-based cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2020 to March 2021. A non-probability convenience sampling method was used to collect data from 320 participants via an electronic survey. The factors associated with computer vision syndrome were analyzed using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models. The adjusted odds ratio was calculated at a 95% confidence interval, and p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The prevalence of computer vision syndrome was found to be 65% (95% CI: 59.5%-70.2%). The most frequently reported symptoms were tired eyes, headache, and eye itchiness. Participants living in a nuclear family (p=0.033) showed a significant association with the prevalence of computer vision syndrome. Conclusion: Computer Vision Syndrome is a common health issue among undergraduate students. Therefore, it is important to make university students aware of the health implications and preventive measures. Keywords: Computer vision syndrome, Kathmandu, prevalence, students