Browsing by Author "Shrestha, Dristi"
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Publication Burden of Gallstone Disease Among Patients Presenting to the Surgery Department in a Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study(Rapti Academy of Health Sciences (RAHS), 2024) Dwa, Manoranjan; Bajagain, Santosh; Patel, Om Prakash; Shrestha, Rahul; Shrestha, DristiAbstract: Introduction: The frequency of gallstone disease varies worldwide. Female gender, a family history of gallstones, obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, estrogen therapy, dietary habits, and an inactive lifestyle increase the risk. Symptomatic individuals experience abdominal pain and indigestion, occasionally leading to complications, while many remain asymptomatic. Methods: A retrospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted at Nepal Armed Police Force Hospital. Data of patients visiting the surgery department over a period from December 01, 2023 to November 30, 2024 was taken from the record section of the hospital. The ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee (registration number: NAPFH-007/2024). Patients aged 18 years or above were included, and those having common bile duct calculus, with biliary malignancy, in an immunocompromised state, and pregnancy were excluded. Results: Out of 1835 patients, gallstone disease was observed in 210 (11.44%). 149 of them (70.95%) were females. 128 (60.95%) cases had multiple gallstones while 82 (39.05%) cases had a solitary gallstone. 170 (80.95%) cases presented with abdominal pain, whereas 30 (14.29%) remained asymptomatic. 19 (9.05%) cases presented with acute cholecystitis. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was the commonest modality of management (76.19%). Conclusion: Prevalence of gallstone disease was 11.44%, similar to other literature. Further research on gallstone disease helps to understand the disease in these settings.Publication Sexual Dimorphism in Permanent Mandibular Canine(Institute of Medicine, 2025) Bajracharya, Mangesh; Shrestha, Dristi; Maharjan, NishaABSTRACT Introduction: Sexual dimorphism in mandibular canines, which are stable and decay-resistant, aids sex determination. Studies have extensively documented odontometric traits and sexual dimorphism in various ethnic groups. This study sought to assess sexual dimorphism in the mesiodistal diameters of mandibular canines. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at People’s Dental College and Hospital, involving 120 participants (60 males, 60 females); equal numbers of Brahmin, Chhetri, and Newa, aged 18 years and above. Mesiodistal widths of healthy mandibular canines, free of pathology, spacing, or rotation, were measured using a digital Vernier caliper. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 16 after entry into Microsoft Excel. Results: Males exhibited significantly larger mesiodistal widths (right: 7.42±0.32 mm, left: 7.24±0.36 mm) than females (right: 6.78±0.23 mm, left: 6.62±0.29 mm) (p < 0.001). There was notable sexual dimorphism in the mesiodistal diameters of mandibular canines between the sexes, with the right canine showing a greater degree of dimorphism (9.45%) than the left (9.36%). Among three ethnic groups, there was the highest dimorphism rate of 10.38% on the right and 10.22% on the left among Brahmins, followed by Newa at 9.29% on the right and 8.24% on the left, and Chhetri at 8.34% on the right and 9.80% on the left. Conclusion: Mandibular canine mesiodistal width demonstrates significant sexual dimorphism in Newa, Brahmin, and Chhetri populations, with Brahmins showing the greatest difference. These findings support its forensic utility for sex estimation in Nepal, though integration with additional markers is advised due to measurement overlaps. Ethnic-specific databases are needed to enhance forensic applications. Keywords: Canine; dental; ethnic; forensic; sexual dimorphism