Browsing by Author "Shrestha, Lochana"
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Publication An Outbreak Investigation of Varicella Zoster among Male Military Personnel in a Military Training Centre(Nepal Medical Association, 2022) Karki, Parag; Budhathoki, Lee; Poudel, Anita; Maharjan, Swojay; Khadka, Manoj; Shrestha, Lochana; Paudel, LeelaAbstract Introduction: Chickenpox is an acute, highly infectious disease. Outbreaks can occur in adults in closed institutional settings like hostels and barracks. This study aims to report varicella zoster outbreak among male military personnel in a military training centre. Methods: An outbreak investigation of chickenpox in a military training school and tertiary hospital was conducted. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 267). Data was collected from February 5, 2020 to April 10, 2020 by questionnaire and clinical examination. Case definitions were prepared as per the Centre for Disease Control and Prevention criteria. Data was entered and analysed in Microsoft Excel 2010. Results: Out of the 167 male personnel in the training centre, 90 (53.89%) were susceptible to varicella and 84 (50.29%) were close contacts. The secondary attack rate of varicella zoster was 21.43% (18 cases). The mean age of the patients was 22.33±1.72 years. The mean days of admission were 5±2.28 days. The most common clinical features were generalised rash in 18 (100%), fever in 15 (83.33%), and body ache in 12 (66.67%) cases. Conclusions: Natural history, clinical, and epidemiological features of varicella zoster in a closed institutional setting was studied with the secondary attack rate being less as compared to other studies.Publication Multidrug Resistance Gram-negative Bacteria in Intensive Care Unit of Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study(Nepal Medical Association, 2024) Chaudhary, Raina; Bhatta, Sabita; Pant, Chiranjibi; Phuyal, Naveen; Shrestha, LochanaAbstract Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance is global health problem, amongst major causes for mortality. It is one of the hinderance for achievement of Sustainable Goal 3 (Good health and well-being) of WHO. Multidrug resistant gram negative bacteria are major threat to humanity especially patients admitted in intensive care unit. This is associated with to treatment failure and mortality of the patients in intensive care unit. Therefore, this study was conducted to find out the prevalence of Multidrug resistant gram negative bacteria in intensive care unit of tertiary care center. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology of a tertiary care hospital from February, 2020 till August, 2021 for 18 months after obtaining ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference Number: 246). All the samples from Intensive Care Unit were processed following standard methodology. Only Gram-negative bacteria isolated from samples were included in the study. Convenience sampling method was used. The point estimated was calculated at 95% Confidence Interval. Data was entered in Microsoft Excel 2016 and analysis was done using IBM SPSS Statistics version 16.0. Results: Out of 500 samples only 380 showed growth of gram negative bacteria. The prevalence Multi Drug Resistance was 83.15%. The prevalence of multidrug resistant was notably higher among Acinetobacter spp (100%) followed by Non fermenter (95%) and Escherichia coli (87.1%). Multidrug resistant isolates were least resistant towards carbapenem group of antibiotics. Conclusions: The prevalence of Multidrug resistant gram negative bacteria was found to be lower than in the study conducted in similar setting.Publication Post-discharge Outcomes of COVID-19 Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study(Nepal Medical Association, 2024) Phuyal, Naveen; Bhandari, Ganesh; Budhathoki, Lee; Kumar, Kshitiz; Shrestha, Lochana; Singh, PoonamAbstract Introduction: Understanding the post-discharge outcomes of COVID-19 patients is essential for informed healthcare planning and support services. This study aimed to assess the physical health status of COVID-19 patients three months after discharge from a tertiary care hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal. Methods: A descriptive follow-up study design was used, involving 200 COVID-19 discharged patients. Data were collected from healthcare facilities and participants through structured questionnaires and telephonic interviews. The study duration was between November 2020 to April 2021. Results: Persistence of COVID-19-related symptoms was reported by 49 (24.50%) of participants reported at follow-up, while 41 (20.50%) indicated previous symptoms from discharge. Conclusions: After discharge, most of patient returned to normal activities within three months.Persistence of symptoms and test positive rate was less in those patients.