Browsing by Author "Shrestha, Nitesh"
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Publication GeneXpert Based Confirmed Cases among Suspected Cases of Tuberculosis in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study(Nepal Medical Association, 2022) Pant, Prabesh; Gurung, Kishor; Shrestha, Nitesh; Basnet, SubhechhyaAbstract Introduction: Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis mostly affecting the lungs. Due to the low sensitivity of conventional microscopy and time-consuming culture method, Nucleic acid Amplification Assay Technique is preferred because of its rapidity and sensitivity. This test also helps in finding drug resistance to Rifampicin and also curtails the transmission of disease. The study is aimed to find the prevalence of GeneXpert confirmed cases among suspected cases of tuberculosis in a tertiary care centre. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study in 104 patients was conducted in a tertiary care centre from 30th Dec 2021 to 3rd Feb 2022. Ethical clearance was taken from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 464/078/079). Sputum samples were collected from patients and were processed for GeneXpert under biological safety standards. GeneXpert Mycobacterium tuberculosis/rifampicin assay, sample processing, deoxyribonucleic acid extraction, and deoxyribonucleic acid amplification occurred in a fully automated cartridge-based real-time Polymerase chain reaction. A convenience sampling method was done. Collected data were coded as per variables and entered in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 25. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and percentage for binary data. Results: In all 104 patients, GeneXpert detected 10 (9.62%) (3.94-15.26 at 95% Confidence Interval) positive tuberculosis cases. Out of total positive cases, there were 6 (60%) males and 4 (40%) females and there was 1 (10%) rifampicin-resistant case. Conclusions: The prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis among presumptive cases in our study was found to be similar to reported literature.Publication Organophosphorus Poisoning among Acute Poisoning Cases Presenting to the Emergency Department of a Secondary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study(Nepal Medical Association, 2022) Pandey, Subhash; Shrestha, NiteshAbstract Introduction: Organophosphorus is an easily available compound, especially in agriculture and farming related areas. This study evaluated organophosphorus poisoning among the population in those high-risk areas. The main objective of this study is to find out the prevalence of organophosphorus poisoning among acute poisoning cases presenting to the Emergency Department of a secondary care centre. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 427 patients presenting to the Emergency Department in a secondary care centre from 17th July, 2018 to 14th January, 2022. Ethical clearance was taken from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 01/2075-76). All the patients presenting to the Emergency Department were included and the patients without consent, patients with trauma, accident, severe illness and other emergency conditions were excluded. A convenience sampling was done. Data were collected and entered in Microsoft Excel version 2007 and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Science version 25.0. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and percentage for binary data. Results: Out of 427 patients, 203 (47.54%) (42.80-52.28 at 95% Confidence Interval) had organophosphorus poisoning. It was most commonly seen in the age group 16-30 years among 103 (50.74%). Conclusions: The prevalence of organophosphorus poisoning in our study was similar when compared to other studies conducted in similar settings. Most of the organophosphorus poisoning cases were intentional and suicidal which is similar to other studies.Publication Sickle Cell Anaemia among Tharu Population Visiting the Outpatient Department of General Medicine in a Secondary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study(Nepal Medical Association, 2022) Pandey, Subhash; Shrestha, NiteshAbstract Introduction: Sickle cell anaemia is a global health issue in which a mutation of the β-globin gene changes normal haemoglobin in sickle-shaped red blood cells. The objective of this study was to find out the prevalence of sickle cell anaemia among the Tharu population visiting the outpatient Department of General Medicine in a secondary care centre. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among the Tharu population in the Department of General Medicine of a secondary care centre from 10 January 2020 to 10 June 2022. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee of the same institute (Reference number: 590/2076-077). A convenience sampling technique was used. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated. Results: Out of 409 patients, 60 (14.67%) (11.24-18.10, 95% Confidence Interval) had sickle cell anaemia. Among them, 45 (75%) patients had sickle cell trait and 15 (25%) patients had sickle cell disease. Conclusions: The prevalence of sickle cell anaemia was higher when compared to other studies conducted in similar settings. The government needs to emphasise more effort in diagnosing cases as well as increasing the testing centre.Publication Sickle Cell Anaemia among Tharu Population Visiting the Outpatient Department of General Medicine in a Secondary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study(Nepal Medical Association, 2022) Pandey, Subhash; Shrestha, NiteshAbstract Introduction: Sickle cell anaemia is a global health issue in which a mutation of the β-globin gene changes normal haemoglobin in sickle-shaped red blood cells. The objective of this study was to find out the prevalence of sickle cell anaemia among the Tharu population visiting the outpatient Department of General Medicine in a secondary care centre. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among the Tharu population in the Department of General Medicine of a secondary care centre from 10 January 2020 to 10 June 2022. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee of the same institute (Reference number: 590/2076-077). A convenience sampling technique was used. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated. Results: Out of 409 patients, 60 (14.67%) (11.24-18.10, 95% Confidence Interval) had sickle cell anaemia. Among them, 45 (75%) patients had sickle cell trait and 15 (25%) patients had sickle cell disease. Conclusions: The prevalence of sickle cell anaemia was higher when compared to other studies conducted in similar settings. The government needs to emphasise more effort in diagnosing cases as well as increasing the testing centre.