Browsing by Author "Shrestha, Surendra Lal"
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Publication Extra-pulmonary Tuberculosis among Tuberculosis Patients Visiting a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study(Nepal Medical Association, 2022) Paudel, Damodar; Shrestha, Surendra LalAbstract Introduction: Tuberculosis outside of the lung is extrapulmonary tuberculosis. The diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis is not easy in a community setting even in district hospitals. Clinical symptoms and radiological diagnosis are effective for the diagnosis of pulmonary and extra-pulmonary cases. The aim of the study is to find out the prevalence of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis among tuberculosis patients visiting a tertiary care centre. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among the patient visiting a tertiary care centre from August 2019 to January 2020 after taking ethical approval from Institutional Review Committe (Reference number: 86) which observed different clinicoradiological and laboratory features in patients with extrapulmonary tuberculosis to address their respective accuracy and usability in measuring the burden of tuberculosis. The interview was taken for the symptoms, and then radiological and laboratory data were collected. Convenience sampling was used. Point estimate and 95% confidence interval were calculated. Results: Out of 60 patients with tuberculosis, 39 (65%) (62.83-67.17, 95% Confidence Interval) were diagnosed with extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Among them, 30 (76.9%) were with pleural effusions followed by lymphadenopathy in 9 (23.07%). Conclusions: The prevalence of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis was found to be higher as compared to the study done in similar settings.Publication Pattern of Mortality among Patients Admitted in Medical Wards in a Tertiary Care Centre of Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study(Nepal Medical Association, 2024) Adhikari, Min Chandra; Shrestha, Surendra Lal; Sharma, Sarbesh; Nepal, Suresh PrasadAbstract Introduction: Most developing regions of the world are undergoing gradual epidemiological transition resulting in high burden of both communicable and noncommunicable diseases. Morbidity and mortality pattern is a reflection of disease burden. Detailed assessment of these parameters tends to aid in formulating pivotal aspects of in-hospital policies, standards of care and so consequently promoting efficient work systems. The aim of this study is to identify the pattern of mortalities in medical wards in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: This retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in National Academy of Medical Sciences, Bir hospital focusing on all patients admitted to the medical wards (General Medical, Hepatology, Nephrology, Neurology, Endocrinology, Pulmonology, Cardiology and Gastrology) between January 1, 2023 to December 31, 2023 after obtaining ethical approval from Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 390/2080/81). Total population sampling was done. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS. Results: Among 10124 admitted patients in medical wards, mortality was reported in 732 (7.22%). The number of deaths seen in general medical ward was 389 (53.14%) and in hepatology ward was 85 (11.61%). Systemic cause of death due to respiratory diseases was 157 (21.43%) and liver disease was 143 (19.54%). Conclusions: The respiratory disease is responsible for a higher proportion of deaths among admitted patients.