Browsing by Author "Shyangwa, PM"
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Publication Altered serum levels of thyroxine, triiodothyroinine and thyroid stimulating hormone in patients with depression(Kathmandu University, 2007) Das, BKL; Baral, N; Shyangwa, PM; Toora, BD; Lamsal, MObjective: To assess serum level of Thyroxine (T4), Triiodothyronine(T3) and thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH) in patient with depression. Methods: Thirty one clinically diagnosed depressed patients and equal number of healthy, age and sex matched control subjects were included in this study. Ham-D scale was used to classify the degree of depression into mild, moderate and severe grades. The biochemical parameters (T3, T4 and TSH) were estimated using commercially available kits. The data were analyzed by using (SPSS-10 software), one way ANOVA and χ2 test. Result: Female depressed (n = 17) cases outnumber the male depressed cases. The distributions of patients in mild, moderate and severe categories were similar. The T3 and T4 level were found to be significantly raised in the moderate depression as compared to the healthy controls. ANOVA with multiple comparisons testing among the patient group showed a significant high TSH level (F> 3.17) at 5% level of significance. A total of six depressive patients were found to have thyroid abnormalities. Conclusion: This study therefore points towards presence of thyroid dysfunction among the depressive which most often characterized as a “Lower Thyroid Syndrome”. Thus inclusion of thyroid screening test among depressive patients may be helpful in proper management of cases.Publication Depression Among Undergraduate Medical Students(Kathmandu University, 2012) Basnet, B; Jaiswal, M; Adhikari, B; Shyangwa, PMABSTRACT Background Psychological stress is common in medical school and associated with depression. Medical education is grooming in Nepal, but only few studies are done concerning mental health of medical students. Objective To assess the prevalence of depression among medical students at different levels of education and find about their stressors. Methods A cross sectional, questionnaire-based survey was carried out among the undergraduate medical students of B.P.Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Nepal. 50 students each from Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) first and third year were enrolled in the study conducted between November 2008 to January2009. The depression levels were assessed using Zung depression scale. Students were asked to complete the questionnaire and then the depression levels calculated .The stress inducing factors during their course of medical education were also assessed. Results The overall prevalence of depression among the students was 29.78 percent. The prevalence of depression in first and third year was 36.74and 22.22 percent respectively. The prevalence of depression was 32.43 percent among female students versus 28.07 percent in male students. Both first and third year students gave high ratings to academic stress and hectic lifestyle as the main stress inducing factors. Conclusion The prevalence of depression is seen especially in the first year medical students. So, attempts should be made to alleviate the stressors right from the time they join medical school. Since academic stress proved to be one of the major factors, measures to make the academic curriculum more student-friendly are suggested. KEY WORDS Depression, medical students, zung depression scalePublication Role of rehabilitation centres in reducing drug abuse problem in a town of Eastern Nepal(Kathmandu University, 2006) Niraula, SR; Chhetry, DB; Singh, GK; Nagesh, S; Shyangwa, PMObjectives: This paper focuses to describe the role and activities of Drug Rehabilitation Centres (DRCs) in reducing the drug-abuse problem in Dharan. It also offers suggestions for increasing the effectiveness of prevention programs. Materials and methods: Records of three DRCs working in Dharan for the past 9 years were analyzed using appropriate statistical tools. Results: The yearly clean rate is significantly higher in these centres. Harm reduction program was currently available only in one centre. Pharmacotherapy along with short-term rehabilitation was available at de-addiction unit of B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences whereas long-term rehabilitation was at others centres. Conclusion: Thus, there should be a strong coordination and network with each other to increase the effectiveness of the treatment program for drug abuse. The treatment centres should be increased in number as well as in quality. BPKIHS should take initiation to start long-term management with repeated booster programs. Key words: Role, rehabilitation, drug abuse, BPKIHS, Dharan, Nepal.